THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

NANOFLUIDS (CUO & TIO2) - WATER AS HEAT TRANSFER FLUID IN A THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM FOR APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR HEATING: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

ABSTRACT
The present work aims to exploit the thermal performance of a packed bed of combined sensible and latent heat of storage unit with an integrated solar heat source. A cylindrical insulated storage tank in the thermal energy storage (TES) unit is filled with spherical capsules separately which contains PCM as paraffin wax and stearic acid. The PCM usage has the benefits that it can be used as a thermal management tool and it reduces the cost and size of the system as it offers higher isothermal behavior and thermal storage capacity. The thermal conductivity of heat transfer fluid (HTF) can be enhanced by using nanoparticles mixed in water. Nanofluids are the more efficient fluids for the applications of heat-transfer. The water based nanofluids are used to transfer heat between the solar collector and storage tank which is a sensible heat storage material. The HTF materials are varied and experimental trials have been conducted separately. Experimentation was carried out first by considering only water as HTF and is extended by adding water with one of the nanomaterials i.e. The TiO2 and CuO, each in 3 HTF vol.% as 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8. The variable source of heat supply considered is solar flat plate collector. The study was transpired by varying the flow-rates of nanofluids as 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 Lpm. The novelty of this work is to envisage the enhancement of heat transfer and to study the effects on the melting time of the PCM of these fluids which were carried out. The performance parameters like charging time and system efficiency, instantaneous stored heat, cumulative stored heat were studied for the different HTF and for the PCM-paraffin and stearic acid. The batch wise process experiments for discharging were carried out to recover the heat stored, and the results are presented.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2022-12-15
PAPER REVISED: 2023-02-25
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2023-03-06
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2023-04-22
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI221215080K
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2023, VOLUME 27, ISSUE Issue 6, PAGES [4375 - 4388]
REFERENCES
  1. Wu, S., et al., Thermal Energy Storage Behavior of Al2O3-H2O Nanofluids, Thermochimica Acta, 483 (2009), 1-2, pp. 73-77
  2. Harikrishnan, S., et al., Preparation and Thermal Energy Storage Behaviour of Stearic Acid-TiO2 Nanofluids as a Phase Change Material for Solar Heating Systems, Thermochimica Acta, 565 (2013), Aug., pp. 137-145
  3. Naveen Kumar, G., Subrata, K. G., Thermo Physical Properties of Nanofluids, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 8 (2019), 11, pp. 1616-1620
  4. Nagappan, B., et al., Heat Transfer Enhancement of a Cascaded Thermal Energy Storage System with Various Encapsulation Arrangements, Thermal Science, 23 (2019), 2A, pp. 823-833
  5. Lokesh, S., et al., Melting/Solidification Characteristics of Paraffin Based Nanocomposite for Thermal Energy Storage Applications, Thermal Science, 21 (2017), 6A, pp. 2517-2524
  6. Reddigari, M. R., et al., Thermal Energy Storage System Using Phase Change Materials: Constant Heat Source, Thermal science, 16 (2012), 4, pp. 1097-1104
  7. Prakasam., M. J. S., et al., An Experimental Study of the Mass Flow-rates Effect on Flat Plate Solar Water Heater Performance using Al2O3/Water Nanofluid, Thermal Science, 21 (2017), Suppl. 2, pp. S379-S388
  8. Valan, A. A., et al., Numerical Performance Study of Paraffin Wax Dispersed with Alumina in a Concentric Pipe Latent Heat Storage System, Thermal science, 17 (2013), 2, pp. 419-430
  9. Abdollahzadeh, J. M. Y., Park, J. H., Effects of Brownian Motion on Freezing of PCM Containing Nanoparticles, Thermal Science, 20 (2016), 5, pp. 1533-1541
  10. Mahbubul, I. M., et al., Experimental Investigation on Effect of Ultrasonication Duration on Colloidal Dispersion and Thermo Physical Properties of Alumina-Water Nanofluid, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 88 (2015), Sept., pp. 73-81
  11. Kumaresan, V., Velraj, R., Experimental Investigation of the Thermo-Physical Properties of Water-Ethylene Glycol Mixture Based CNT Nanofluids, Thermochimica Acta, 545 (2012), Oct., pp. 180-186
  12. Prasanth, B., et al., Experimental Study of Latent Heat Thermal Storage System Using Mixed Nano Particles with PCM, International Journal of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,7 (2018), 4, pp. 455-469
  13. Al-Azawii, M. M. S., et al., Experimental Study on the Cyclic Behavior of Thermal Energy Storage in an Air-Alumina Packed Bed, Journal of Energy Storage, 18 (2018), Aug., pp. 239-249
  14. Yang, J., et al., Experimental Study on Enhancement of Thermal Energy Storage with Phase Change Material, Applied Energy, 169 (2016), May, pp. 164-176
  15. Abdul Hamid, K., et al., Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of TiO2 Nanofluid in Water and Ethylene Glycol (EG) Mixture, Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 54 ( 2016), 10, pp. 651-655
  16. Muthoka, M. J., et al., Study on Thermo physical Properties of Nanofluid Based Composite Phase Change Material for Low Temperature Application, Energy Procedia, 142 (2017), Dec., pp. 3313-3319
  17. Hassan, M. A. M., et al., Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Nanofluid on Thermal Energy Storage System Using Clathrate, Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 141 (2019), 4, 042003
  18. Sekhar, Y. R., et al., Experimental Investigations on Thermal Conductivity of Water and Al2O3 Nanofluids at Low Concentrations, International Journal of Nanoparticles, 5 (2012), 4, pp. 300-315
  19. Obaid, H. N., et al., Thermal Energy Storage by Nanofluids, Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy, 3 (2013), 5, pp. 34-36
  20. Senthilraja, S., et al., A Comparative Study on Thermal Conductivity of Al2O3/water, CuO/water and Al2O3-CuO/water Nanofluids, Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Bio structures, 10 (2015), 4, pp. 1449-1458
  21. Karabulut, K., et al., Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Convection Heat Transfer in a Circular Copper Tube Using Graphene Oxide Nanofluid, Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 42 (2020), 5, 230
  22. Kılınc, F., et al., Experimental Investigation of Cooling Performance with Graphene Based Nano-Fluids in a Vehicle Radiator, Heat and Mass Transfer, 56 (2020), Aug., pp. 521-530
  23. Karabulut, K., Heat Transfer Increment Study Taking into Consideration Fin Lengths for CuO-Water Nanofluid in Cross Flow-Impinging Jet Flow Channels, Thermal Science, 27 (2023), 6A, pp. 4345-4360

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence