In this study, in the cyclone designed according to the high-efficiency Stairmand model, three different immersion pipe diameters, four different flow rates, and two different samples were used to examine the pressure loss and dust holding efficiency that affect the cyclone performance. Cyclone separators are fixed-part devices used in the process of separating particles from the gas by forming vortexes with a gas stream containing solid particles. In cyclone separators, the parameters that have the most significant impact on their performance are dust collection efficiency and pressure loss. In this study, temperature measurement with thermocouple and pressure measurement with digital pressure measurement device were made at the inlet and outlet parts of the cyclone. Dust retention efficiency was calculated by the ratio of the weight of the dust entering the cyclone to the weight of the dust accumulated in the dust collection chamber at the end of the experiment. In addition, the obtained data were analyzed by means of SOLIDWORKS FLOW simulation program and compared with the experimental study. The best result in dust retention efficiency in the coal sample was obtained with 374.85 m³ per hours flow rate and Ø114.3 mm plunge pipe diameter. In the biomass sample, the best dust holding efficiency was obtained with an Ø88.9 mm plunge pipe diameter at a flow rate of 374.85 m³ per hours.