THERMAL SCIENCE
International Scientific Journal
A VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE FOR FRACTAL KLEIN-GORDON EQUATION
ABSTRACT
This paper studies the Klein-Gordon equation and two modifications in an infinite Cantor set and a fractal space-time. Their variational formulations are established and discussed, and the spatio-temporal discontinuity requires both spatio-fractal derivative and temporal fractal derivative for practical applications. Some basic properties of the local fractional derivative and the two-scale fractal derivative are elucidated, and the derivation of the Euler-Lagrange equation is illustrated.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2021-12-20
PAPER REVISED: 2022-07-20
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2022-07-21
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2023-06-11
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR
2023, VOLUME
27, ISSUE
Issue 3, PAGES [1803 - 1810]
- Aryan, S., Existence of Two-Solitary Waves with Logarithmic Distance for the Non-linear Klein-Gordon Equation, Communications in Contemporary Mathematics, 24 (2022), 1, 2050091
- Sun, J. S., Approximate Analytical Solution of the Fractal Klein-Gordon Equation, Thermal Science, 25 (2021), 2, pp. 1489-1494
- He, J. H., El-Dib, Y. O., The Reducing Rank Method to Solve Third-Order Duffing Equation with the Homotopy Perturbation, Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations, 37 (2021), 2, pp. 1800- 1808
- He, J. H., El-Dib, Y. O., The Enhanced Homotopy Perturbation Method for Axial Vibration of Strings, Facta Universitatis Series: Mechanical Engineering, 19 (2021), 4, pp. 735 - 750
- Feng, G. Q., He's Frequency Formula to Fractal Undamped Duffing Equation, Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control, 40 (2021), 4, pp. 1671-1676
- Wang, K. L., Wei, C. F., A Powerful and Simple Frequency Formula to Non-linear Fractal Oscillators, Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control, 40 (2021), 3, pp. 1373-1379
- He, J. H., et al., Forced Non-Linear Oscillator in a Fractal Space, Facta Universitatis Series: Mechanical Engineering, 20 (2022), 1, pp. 1-20
- He, C. H., Liu, C., A Modified Frequency-Amplitude Formulation for Fractal Vibration Systems, Fractals, 30 (2022), 3, 2250046
- He, J.-H., et al. Periodic Property and Instability of a Rotating Pendulum System. Axioms, 10 (2021), 3, 191
- He, C. H., et al., Hybrid Rayleigh-Van der Pol-Duffing Oscillator (HRVD): Stability Analysis and Controller, Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration & Active Control, 41 (2022), 1, pp. 244-268
- Wang, K. J., Wang, G. D., Gamma Function Method for the Non-Linear Cubic-Quintic Duffing Oscillators, Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration & Active Control, 41 (2022), 1, pp. 216-222
- Ma, H. J., Simplified Hamiltonian-Based Frequency-Amplitude Formulation for Nonlinear Vibration Systems, Facta Universitatis Series: Mechanical Engineering, 20 (2022), 2, pp. 445-455
- Wang, K. L., Wei, C. F., A Powerful and Simple Frequency Formula to Non-Linear Fractal Oscillators, Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control, 40 (2021), 3, pp. 1373-1379
- Cuzinatto, R. R., et al. Non-Commutativity and Non-Inertial Effects on a Scalar Field in a Cosmic String Space-Time: I. Klein-Gordon Oscillator, Classical and Quantum Gravity, 39 (2022), 7, 075006
- Shen, Y., et al., Convergence of Adaptive Non-Conforming Finite Element Method for Stokes Optimal Control Problems, Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 412 (2022), Oct., 114336
- He, C. H., A Variational Principle for a Fractal Nano/Microelectromechanical (N/MEMS) System, International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 33 (2022), 1, pp. 351-359
- He, J.-H., A Fractal Variational Theory for One-Dimensional Compressible Flow in a Microgravity Space, Fractals, 28 (2020), 2, 20500243
- He, J.-H., On the Fractal Variational Principle for the Telegraph Equation, Fractals, 29 (2021), 1, 2150022
- Wang, Y., et al., A Variational Formulation Anisotropic Wave Travelling in a Porous Medium, Fractals, 27 (2019), 4, 1950047
- Wang, Y., et al., A Fractal Derivative Model for Snow's Thermal Insulation Property, Thermal Science. 23 (2019), 4, pp. 2351-2354
- Wang, K. J., Generalized Variational Principle and Periodic Wave Solution to the Modified Equal Width-Burgers Equation in Non-linear Dispersion Media, Physics Letters A, 419 (2021), 17, 127723
- Wang, K. J., Zhang, P. L., Investigation of the Periodic Solution of the Time-Space Fractional Sasa-Satsuma Equation Arising in the Monomode Optical Fibers, EPL, 137 (2022), 6, 62001
- Wang, K. J., Zhu, H. W., Periodic Wave Solution of the Kundu-Mukherjee-Naskar Equation in Birefringent Fibers via the Hamiltonian-Based Algorithm, EPL, 139 (2021), 3, 35002
- Wang, K J., Wang, J. F., Generalized Variational Principles of the Benney-Lin Equation Arising in Fluid Dynamics, EPL, 139 (2021), 3, 39006
- Wang, K. J., Liu, J. H., Periodic Solution of the Time-Space Fractional Sasa-Satsuma Equation in the Monomode Optical Fibers by the Energy Balance Theory, EPL, 138 (2022), 2, 25002
- Wang, K. L., Exact Solitary Wave Solution for Fractal Shallow Water Wave Model by He's Variational Method, Modern Physics Letters B, 36 (2022), 7, 2150602
- Wang, K. L., Solitary Wave Solution of Non-linear Bogoyavlenskii System by Variational Analysis Method, International Journal of Modern Physics B, 36 (2022), 2, 2250015
- Wang, K. L., New Variational Theory for Coupled Non-linear Fractal Schrodinger System, International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 32 (2022), 2, pp. 589-597
- Khan, Y., A Variational Approach for Novel Solitary Solutions of FitzHugh-Nagumo Equation Arising in the Non-linear Reaction-Diffusion Equation, International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow, 31 (2020), 4, 1104-1109
- Khan, Y., Fractal Modification of Complex Ginzburg-Landau Model Arising in the Oscillating Phenomena, Results in Physics, 18 (2020), Sept., 103324
- Zuo, Y.-T., Liu, H.-J., Fractal Approach to Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene/Sic Composites, Facta Universitatis-Series Mechanical Engineering, 19 (2021), 2, pp. 271-284
- Tian, D., He, C. H., A Fractal Micro-Electromechanical System and Its Pull-In Stability, Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control, 40 (2021), 3, pp. 1380-1386
- Cao, X.-Q., et al. Variational Theory for 2+1 Dimensional Fractional Dispersive Long Wave Equations, Thermal Science, 25 (2021), 2B, pp. 1277-1285
- Alex, E. Z., et al., Equivalent Power-Form Representation of the Fractal Toda Oscillator, Fractals, 29 (2020), 2, 21500341
- Alex, E. Z., et al., He's Frequency-Amplitude Formulation for Non-Linear Oscillators Using Jacobi Elliptic Functions, Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control, 29 (2021), 2, 2150034
- He, J.-H., Seeing with a Single Scale is Always Unbelieving: From magic to two-scale fractal, Thermal Science, 25 (2021), 2B, pp. 1217-1219
- He, J.-H. When Mathematics Meets Thermal Science: The Simpler is the Better, Thermal Science, 25 (2021), 3, pp. 2039-2042
- Jia, Z. J., et al., Variational Principle for Unsteady Heat Conduction Equation, Thermal Science, 18 (2014), 3 , pp. 1045-1047
- Wang, K. L., Wang, K. J., A New Analysis for Klein-Gordon Model with Local Fractional Derivative, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 59 (2020), 5, pp. 3313-3309
- Wang, K. J., On New Abundant Exact Traveling Wave Solutions to the Local Fractional Gardner Equation Defined on Cantor Sets, Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, 45 (2022), 4, pp. 1904-1915
- Yang, X. J., et al., On Local Fractional Operators View of Computational Complexity: Diffusion and Relaxation Defined on Cantor Sets, Thermal Science, 20 (2016), Suppl. 3, pp. S755-S767
- Yang, X. J., et al., Local Fractional Similarity Solution for the Diffusion Equation Defined on Cantor Sets, Applied Mathematics Letters, 47 (2015), Sept., pp. 54-60
- He, J. H., et al., A Fractal Modification of Chen-Lee-Liu Equation and Its Fractal Variational Principle, International Journal of Modern Physics B, 35 (2021), 21, 2150214
- Anjum, N., et al. Two-Scale Fractal Theory for the Population Dynamics, Fractals, 29 (2021), 7, 2150182
- Wei, C. F., Two-Scale Transform for 2-D Fractal Heat Equation in a Fractal Space, Thermal Science, 25 (2021), 3, pp. 2339-2345
- Qian, M. Y., He, J. H., Two-Scale Thermal Science for Modern Life -Making the Impossible Possible, Thermal Science, 26 (2022), 3B, pp. 2409-2412
- He, J. H., et al., Variational Approach to Fractal Solitary Waves, Fractals, 29 (2021), 7, 2150199
- He, J. H., et al., On a Strong Minimum Condition of a Fractal Variational Principle, Applied Mathematics Letters, 119 (2021), Sept., 107199
- Wang, S. Q., He, J. H., Variational Iteration Method for Solving Integro-Differential Equations, Physics letters A, 367 (2007), 3, pp. 188-191
- Wang, S. Q., A Variational Approach to Non-Linear Two-Point Boundary Value Problems, Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 58 (2009), 11, pp. 2452-2455
- Yu, W., et al., Tensorizing GAN with High-Order Pooling for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 33 (2021), 9, 4945-4959
- You, S., et al., Fine Perceptive Gans for Brain MR Image Super-Resolution in Wavelet Domain, IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems, On-line first, doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS. 2022.3153088, 2022
- Hu, S., et al., Bidirectional Mapping Generative Adversarial Networks for Brain MR to PET Synthesis, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 41 (2021), 1, pp. 145-157
- Yu, W., et al., Morphological Feature Visualization of Alzheimer's Disease via Multidirectional Perception GAN, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, On-line first, doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2021.3118369, 2021