THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Balázs Nagy

,

Martin Marosvölgyi

,

Zsuzsa Szalay

GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS BASED ON HEAT AND MOISTURE TRANSPORT ANALYSIS

ABSTRACT
Global warming potential is one of the most important life cycle assessment indicator, which shows how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere relative to CO2. In this study, we calculated the global warming potential of a highly insulated building construction detail of a residential nearly-zero energy building based on numerical simulations. To calculate the heat loss of building constructions, which is necessary for estimating the operational energy demand in the use phase of the building, we compared two numerical simulation methods: 2-D thermal simulations and 2-D conjugated heat and moisture transfer simula¬tions. Besides that, we compared the effect of selecting different thermal insulation materials for insulating the building constructions, such as EPS, mineral wool, and wood wool. We then compared the thermal and linear thermal transmittances from the simulations besides evaluating the moisture transmittance behaviour of the constructions. In all examined scenarios, the constructions with mineral wool ended up being the highest impact alternative, while EPS was the lowest for walls and wood wool was for wall corner joints. We also found that including the wall corner joints in global warming potential calculations could increase the overall global warming potential of an average-sized family house by 10%. Our study shows the heat and moisture transfer induced differences between thermal insulations, and demonstrates that heat and moisture transfer modelling-based life cycle assessment indicator of building construction details gives valuable additional information designers to choose the proper thermal insulation.
KEYWORDS
building construction, thermal bridge, moisture bridge, hygrothermal simulation, heat and moisture transfer, life cycle assessment
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2021-02-24
PAPER REVISED: 2021-08-26
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2021-09-06
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2021-10-10
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI210224278N
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2022, VOLUME 26, ISSUE Issue 4, PAGES [3285 - 3296]
REFERENCES
  1. European Comission, Energy roadmap 2050, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2012
  2. European Parliament, Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast), Official Journal of the European Union, L153 (2010), 13, pp. 13-35
  3. C.C. Pavel, D.T. Blagoeva, Competitive landscape of the EU‘s insulation materials industry for energy-efficient buildings, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2018
  4. N. Dodd, S. Donatello, M. Cordella, Level(s) indicator 1.2: Life cycle Global Warming Potential (GWP) user manual: introductory briefing, instructions and guidance (Publication version 1.1), susproc.jrc.ec.europa.eu/product-bureau//sites/default/files/2021-01/UM3_Indicator_1.2_v1.1_37pp.pdf
  5. B. Nagy, G. Stocker, Numerical Analysis of Thermal and Moisture Bridges in Insulation Filled Masonry Walls and Corner Joints, Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 63 (2014), 2, pp. 446-455
  6. ***, ISO 13789:2017 Thermal performance of buildings — Transmission and ventilation heat transfer coefficients — Calculation method, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland, 2017
  7. ***, ISO 10211:2017 Thermal bridges in building construction — Heat flows and surface temperatures — Detailed calculations, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland, 2017
  8. H. Erhorn-kluttig, H. Erhorn, M. Citterio, M. Cocco, V. Orshoven, A. Tilmans, Thermal Bridges in the EPBD context, 30th AIVC Conference "Trends in High Performance Buildings and the Role of Ventilation", Berlin, Germany, 2009, pp. 1-6.
  9. K. Kuusk, J. Kurnitski, T. Kalamees, Calculation and compliance procedures of thermal bridges in energy calculations in various European countries, Energy Procedia, 132 (2017), pp. 27-32
  10. B. Kiss, Z. Szalay, Modular approach to multi-objective environmental optimization of buildings, Automation in Construction, 111 (2020), 103044
  11. A. Capozzoli, A. Gorrino, V. Corrado, A building thermal bridges sensitivity analysis, Applied Energy, 107 (2013), pp. 229-243
  12. M. Pelss, A. Kamenders, A. Blumberga, Thermal Bridge Impact on the Heating Demand in a Low-Energy House, Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University Environmental and Climate Technologies, 4 (2010), pp. 76-81
  13. M.Y. Ferroukhi, R. Belarbi, K. Limam, W. Bosschaerts, Impact of coupled heat and moisture transfer effect on buildings energy consumption, Thermal Science, 21 (2017), 3, pp. 1359-1368
  14. W. Dong, Y. Chen, Y. Bao, A. Fang, A validation of dynamic hygrothermal model with coupled heat and moisture transfer in porous building materials and envelopes, Journal of Building Engineering, 32 (2020), 101484
  15. A. Holm, H.M. Künzel, Two-Dimensional Transient Heat and Moisture Simulations of Rising Damp with WUFI 2d, 12th International Brick/Block Masonry Conference, Madrid, Spain, 2000, vol. 2, pp. 86
  16. H. Ge, F. Baba, Dynamic effect of thermal bridges on the energy performance of a low-rise residential building, Energy and Buildings, 105 (2015), pp. 106-118
  17. M. Orosz, B. Nagy, E. Tóth, Hygrothermal simulations and In-situ measurements of ultra-lightweight concrete panels, Pollack Periodica, 12 (2017), 3, pp. 69-83
  18. ***, EN 15026:2007 Hygrothermal performance of building components and building elements — Assessment of moisture transfer by numerical simulation, European Committee for Standardisation, Brussels, Belgium, 2007
  19. ***, ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Principles and framework, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland, 2006
  20. N. Pargana, D.M. Pinheiro, J.D. Silvestre, J. De Brito, Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of thermal insulation materials of buildings, Energy and Buildings, 82 (2014), pp. 466-481.
  21. D.D. Tingley, A. Hathway, B. Davison, An environmental impact comparison of external wall insulation types, Building and Environment, 85 (2015), pp. 182-189
  22. K. Kalhor, N. Ememinejad, Qualitative and quantitative optimization of thermal insulation materials: Insights from the market and energy codes, Journal of Building Engineering, 30 (2020), 101275
  23. ***, EN 15978:2011 Sustainability of construction works — Assessment of environmental performance of buildings — Calculation method, European Committee for Standardisation, Brussels, Belgium, 2011
  24. ***, ISO 21931-1:2010 Sustainability in building construction - Framework for methods of assessment of the environmental performance of construction works - Part 1: Buildings, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland, 2010
  25. ***, ISO 10456:2007 Building materials and products — Hygrothermal properties — Tabulated design values and procedures for determining declared and design thermal values, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland, 2007
  26. A.D. Trindade, G.B.A. Coelho, F.M.A. Henriques, Influence of the climatic conditions on the hygrothermal performance of autoclaved aerated concrete masonry walls, Journal of Building Engineering, 33 (2021), 101578
  27. B. Nagy, Designing insulation filled masonry blocks against hygrothermal deterioration, Engineering Failure Analysis, 103 (2019), pp. 144-157
  28. ***, MSZ 24140:2015 Power Engineering Dimensioning Calculuses of Buildings and Building Envelope Structures, Hungarian Standards Institution, Budapest, Hungary, 2015
  29. ***, ISO 6946:2017 Building components and building elements — Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance — Calculation methods, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland, 2017
  30. F. Ritter, Lebensdauer von Bauteilen und Bauelementen, Ph.D. thesis, Technische Universitat Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany, 2011
  31. ***, Ecoinvent: Allocation cut-off by classification, www.ecoinvent.org
  32. ***, EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations — Core rules for the product category of construction products, European Committee for Standardisation, Brussels, Belgium, 2013
  33. D. Kellenberger, H.J. Althaus, Relevance of simplifications in LCA of building components, Building and Environment, 44 (2009), 4, pp. 818-825
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
Global warming potential of building constructions based on heat and moisture transport analysis

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence