THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

External Links

HYBRID AL2O3-CU/WATER NANOFLUID FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER OVER VERTICAL DOUBLE FORWARD-FACING STEP

ABSTRACT
Turbulent heat transfer and hybrid Al2O3-Cu-nanofluid over vertical double forward facing-step is numerically conducted. The k-ɛ standard model based on finite volume method in 2-D are applied to investigate the influences of Reynolds number, step height, volume fractions hybrid Al2O3-Cu-nanofluid on thermal performance. In this paper, different step heights for three cases of vertical double forward-facing step are adopted by five different of volume fractions of hybrid (Al2O3-Cu-water) nanofluid varied for 0.1, 0.33, 0.75, 1, and 2, while the Reynolds number different between 10000 to 40000 with temperature is constant. The main findings revealed that rise in local heat transfer coefficients with raised Reynolds number and maximum heat transfer coefficient was noticed at Re = 40000. Also rises in heat transfer coefficient detected with increased volume concentrations of hybrid (Al2O3-Cu-water) nanofluid and the maximum heat transfer coefficient found at hybrid Al2O3-Cu-water nanofluid of 2% in compared with others. It is also found that rise in surface heat transfer coefficient at 1st step-Case 2 was greater than at 1st step-Case 1 and 3 while was higher at 2nd step-Case 3. Average heat transfer coefficient with Reynolds number for all cases are presented in this paper and found that the maximum average heat transfer coefficient was at Case 2 compared with Case 1 and 3. Gradually increases in skin friction coefficient remarked at 1st and 2nd steps of the channel and drop in skin friction coefficient was obtained with increased of Reynolds number. Counter of velocity was presented to show the re-circulation regions at 1st and 2nd steps as clarified the enrichment in heat transfer rate. Furthermore, the counter of turbulence kinetic energy contour was displayed to provide demonstration for achieving thermal performance at second step for all cases.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2020-11-30
PAPER REVISED: 2021-01-18
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2021-02-02
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2021-03-13
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI201130080T
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2021, VOLUME 25, ISSUE Issue 5, PAGES [3517 - 3529]
REFERENCES
  1. Scheit C., et al., Direct numerical simulation of flow over a forward-facing step - Flow structure and aeroacoustic source regions, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 43 (2013), pp.184-193
  2. Alibek I. and Yeldos Z., Investigation of Geometry Effect on Heat and Mass Transfer in Buoyancy Assisting with the Vertical Backward and Forward Facing Steps, International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation, 20 (2019), pp. 3-4
  3. Togun, H., et al., A., CFD Simulation of Heat Transfer and Turbulent Fluid Flow over a Double Forward-Facing Step, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2013 (2013), pp.1-10
  4. Biswas, G., et al., Backward-facing step flows for various expansion ratios at low and moderate Reynolds number, Journal of Fluids Engineering, 126 (2004), pp.362-374
  5. Armaly, B.F., et al., Experimental and theoretical investigation of backward-facing step flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 127 (1983), pp.473-496
  6. Oztop, H.F., et al., Analysis of turbulent flow and heat transfer over a double forward facing step with obstacles, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 39 (2012), 9, pp.1395-1403
  7. Hilo, A.K., et al., Effect of corrugated wall combined with backward-facing step channel on fluid flow and heat transfer, Energy, 190 (2020), pp.116294
  8. SriHarsha, V., et al., Influence of rib height on the local heat transfer distribution and pressure drop in a square channel with 90° continuous and 60° V-broken ribs, Applied Thermal Engineering, 29 (2009), 11-12,pp. 2444-2459
  9. Promvonge, P., Heat transfer and pressure drop in a channel with multiple 60° V-baffles, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 37(2010), 7, pp.835-840
  10. Togun, H., et al., An experimental study of turbulent heat transfer separation external in an annular passage" International Conference on Applications and Design in Mechanical Engineering (ICADME 2009), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 2009
  11. SHERRY, M., et al., An experimental investigation of the recirculation zone formed downstream of a forward facing step, J. Wind Engng Ind. Aerodyn., 98 (2010), pp. 888-894
  12. Togun, H., et al., A Review of Experimental Study of Turbulent Heat Transfer in Separated Flow, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5 (2011), pp.489-505
  13. Daniel Lanzerstorfer and Hendrik C. Kuhlmann, Three-dimensional instability of the flow over a forward-facing step, J. Fluid Mech., 695 (2012), pp. 390-404
  14. Togun, H., et al., An experimental study of heat transfer to turbulent separation fluid flow in an annular passage, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 54 (2011), 4, pp.766-773
  15. Gupta, A., et al., Local heat transfer distribution in a square channel with 90° continuous, 90° saw tooth profiled and 60° broken ribs, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 32 (2008), 4, pp.997-1010
  16. Oon, C.S., et al., Computational simulation of heat transfer to separation fluid flow in an annular passage, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 46 (2013), pp.92-96
  17. Lanzerstorfer, D. and Kuhlmann, H.C., Three-dimensional instability of the flow over a forward-facing step, J. Fluid Mech., 695 (2012), pp. 390-404
  18. Hussein, T., et al., Numerical Study of Turbulent Heat Transfer in Separated Flow: Review, International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 7 (2013), pp.337-349
  19. Sherry, M., et al., An experimental investigation of the recirculation zone formed downstream of a forward facing step, J. Wind Engng Ind. Aerodyn., 98 (2010), pp.888-894
  20. Togun, H., et al., Heat Transfer to Laminar Flow over a Double Backward-Facing Step, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Mechanical Science and Engineering, 7 (2013), 8, pp. 961-966
  21. Hattori, H. and Nagano, Y., Investigation of turbulent boundary layer over forward-facing step via direct numerical simulation, Intl J. Heat Fluid Flow, 31 (2010), 3, pp. 284-294
  22. Togun, H., et al., Numerical study of turbulent heat transfer in annular pipe with sudden contraction, Applied mechanics and materials, 465-466 (2014), pp.461-466.
  23. HAJJI, H., et al., Heat transfer and flow structure through a backward-and forward-facing step micro-channels equipped with obstacles, Thermal science, First Issue 00 (2020), pp. 219-219
  24. Selimefendigil, F. and Oztop, H.F., Numerical Study of Forced Convection of Nanofluid Flow Over a Backward Facing Step With a Corrugated Bottom Wall in the Presence of Different Shaped Obstacles, Heat Transfer Engineering, 37 (2016), pp. 1280-1292
  25. Chamkha, A.J. and Selimefendigil, F., Forced Convection of Pulsating Nanofluid Flow over a Backward Facing Step with Various Particle Shapes, Energies, 11(2018), 11, pp. 1-19
  26. Selimefendigil, F. and Oztop, H.F., MHD Pulsating forced convection of nanofluid over parallel plates with blocks in a channel, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 157 (2019), pp. 726-740
  27. Hussein, T., et al., Numerical simulation of heat transfer and separation Al2O3/nanofluid flow in concentric annular pipe, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 71 (2016), pp.108-117
  28. Tuqa A., et al., Turbulent heat transfer and nanofluid flow in an annular cylinder with sudden reduction, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 14 1(2020), pp. 373-385
  29. Abdulrazzaq, T., et al., Effect of flow separation of TiO2 nanofluid on heat transfer in the annular space of two concentric cylinders, Thermal Science, 24 (2020), pp. 1007-1018
  30. Hussein, T., Laminar CuO-water nano-fluid flow and heat transfer in a backward-facing step with and without obstacle, Applied Nanoscience, 6 (2016), 3, pp.371-378
  31. Tuqa, A., et al., Heat Transfer Improvement in a Double Backward-Facing Expanding Channel Using Different Working Fluids, Symmetry, 12 (2020), 7, pp. 1-23
  32. Hilo, A. K., et al., Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Mohd Faisal Abdul Hamid, M.I Nadiir Bheekhun, Heat Transfer and Thermal Conductivity Enhancement using Graphene Nanofluid: A Review, Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 55 (2019), pp.74-87
  33. Hussein, T., et al., Turbulent heat transfer to separation nanofluid flow in annular concentric pipe, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 117 (2017), pp.14-25
  34. Salman, S. and Abd Rahim Abu Talib, Numerical study on the turbulent mixed convection heat transfer over 2D Microsclae backward facing step., CFD Letters, 11 (2019), 10, pp. 31-45
  35. Togun, H., Experimental and numerical study of heat transfer to nanofluid flow in sudden enlargement of annular concentric pipe, Ph. D. thesis, University of Malay, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2015.
  36. Kherbeet, A.Sh., et al., Combined convection nanofluid flow and heat transfer over microscale forward-facing step, Int. J. Nanoparticle, 6 (2013), 4, pp. 350-365
  37. Kherbeet, A.Sh., et al., Experimental and numerical study of nanofluid flow and heat transfer over microscale forward-facing step, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 57 (2014), pp. 319-329
  38. Hussein, T., et al., Numerical simulation of laminar to turbulent nanofluid flow and heat transfer over a backward-facing step, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 239 (2014),p.153-170
  39. Togun, H., et al., Thermal performance of nanofluid in ducts with double forward-facing steps, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 47 (2015), pp.28-42
  40. Safaei, M.R., et al., Investigation of heat transfer enhancement in a forward-facing contracting channel using FMWCNT nanofluids, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 66 (2014), pp.1321-1340
  41. Selimefendigil, F. and Oztop, H.F., Laminar convective nanofluid flow over a backward-facing step with an elastic bottom wall, Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 10 (2018), pp. 041003
  42. Ahmed, S.M., et al., Toward improved heat dissipation of the turbulent regime over backward-facing step for the Alumina-water nanofluids - An experimental approach, Thermal science, 23 (2019), pp. 1779-1789.
  43. Turcu, R., et al., New polypyrrole-multiwall carbon nanotubes hybrid materials, J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater, 8 (2006), 2, pp.643-647
  44. Jana, S., et al., Enhancement of fluid thermal conductivity by the addition of single and hybrid nano-additives, Thermochim. Acta, 462 (2007), 1-2, pp.45-55
  45. Saha, G., Finite element simulation of magneto convection inside a sinusoidal corrugated Journal Pre-proof Journal Pre-proof 47 enclosure with discrete is flux heating from below, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer, 37 (2010), pp.393-400
  46. Hussain, S.H., et al., Studying the effects of a longitudinal magnetic field and discrete isoflux heat source size on natural convection inside a tilted sinusoidal corrugated enclosure, Comput. Math. with Appl., 64 (2012), pp.476-488
  47. Takabi B. and Salehi, S., Augmentation of the heat transfer performance of a sinusoidal corrugated enclosure by employing hybrid nanofluid, Adv. Mech. Eng.,2014 (2014), pp.1-16
  48. Mehrez, Z. and El Cafsi, A., Forced convection magnetohydrodynamic Al2O3-Cu/water hybrid nanofluid flow over a backward-facing step, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 135 (2018), pp.1417-1427
  49. Hilo, A.K., et al., Experimental study of nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a backward-facing step channel, Powder Technology, 372 (2020), pp.497-505
  50. Salman, S., et al., Hybrid nanofluid flow and heat transfer over backward and forward steps: A review, Powder Technology, 363 (2020), pp. 448-472
  51. Abdulrazzaq, T., et al., Heat Transfer and Turbulent Fluid Flow over Vertical Double Forward-Facing Step, International Journal of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, 8 (2014), 2, pp.368-372
  52. Abu-Nada E., Application of nanofluids for heat transfer enhancement of separated flows encountered in a backward facing step, Int J Heat Fluid Flow., 29 (2008), pp.242-251
  53. Takabi, B., et al., Hybrid water-based suspension of Al2O3 and Cu nanoparticles on laminar convection effectiveness, J Thermophys Heat Transf., 30 (2016), pp. 523-532
  54. Xuan, Y. and Roetzel, W., Conceptions for heat transfer correlation of nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 43 (2000), 19, pp.3701-3707
  55. Wang, H.L. B.-X., and Peng, X.F., Research on the heat-conduction enhancement for liquid with nano-particle suspensions, General Paper (G-1), International Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering (TSE2002), Beijing, 2000
  56. Brinkman, H.C., The Viscosity of Concentrated Suspensions and Solutions, The Journal of Chemical Physics, 20 (1952), 4, pp. 571-571
  57. Abu-Mulaweh, H.I., Turbulent mixed convection flow over a forward facing step - the effect of step heights, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 44 (2015), pp.155-162

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence