THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Authors of this Paper

External Links

Ilker Örs

,

Ali Kahraman

,

Murat Ciniviz

PERFORMANCE, EMISSION AND COMBUSTION ANALYSIS OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE USING BIOFUEL BLENDS

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate the effects on performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of adding biodiesel and bioethanol to diesel fuel. Diesel fuel and blend fuels were tested in a water-cooled compression ignition engine with direct injection. Test results showed that brake specific fuel consumption and volumetric efficiency increased by about 30.6% and 3.7%, respectively, with the addition of bioethanol to binary blend fuels. The results of the blend fuel’s combustion analysis were similar to the diesel fuel’s results. Bioethanol increased maximal in-cylinder pressure compared to biodiesel and diesel fuel at both 1400 rpm and 2800 rpm. Emissions of CO increased by an amount of about 80% for fuels containing a high level of bioethanol when compared to CO emissions for diesel fuel. Using biodiesel, NO emissions increased by an average of 31.3%, HC emissions decreased by an average of 39.25%, and smoke opacity decreased by an average of 6.5% when compared with diesel fuel. In addition, when using bioethanol, NO emissions and smoke opacity decreased by 55% and 17% on average, respectively, and HC emissions increased by an average of 53% compared with diesel fuel.
KEYWORDS
safflower oil, bioethanol, biodiesel, combustion characteristics, engine performance, exhaust emissions
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2016-11-12
PAPER REVISED: 2016-11-29
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2016-12-05
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2016-12-17
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI161112307O
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2017, VOLUME 21, ISSUE Issue 1, PAGES [511 - 522]
REFERENCES
  1. Shahir, V., K., Jawahar, C., P., Suresh, P., R., Comparative study of diesel and biodiesel on CI engine with emphasis to emissions - A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 45 (2015), pp. 686- 697.
  2. Alptekin, E, Canakci, M, Ozsezen, A., N, Turkcan, A., Sanli, H., Using waste animal fat based biodiesels- bioethanol-diesel fuel blends in a DI diesel engine, Fuel, 157 (2015), pp. 245-254.
  3. Yilmaz, N., Vigil, F. M., Donaldson, A., B., Darabseh, T., Investigation of CI engine emissions in biodiesel-ethanol-diesel blends as a function of ethanol concentration, Fuel, 115 (2014), pp. 790-793.
  4. Tse, H., Leung, C.,W., Cheung, C., S., Investigation on the combustion characteristics and particulate emissions from a diesel engine fueled with diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. Energy, 83 (2015), pp. 343-350.
  5. Khoobbakht, G., Najafi, G., Karimi, M., Optimization of operating factors and blended levels of diesel, biodiesel and ethanol fuels to minimize exhaust emissions of diesel engine using response surface methodology, Applied Thermal Engineering, 99 (2016), pp. 1006-1017.
  6. Shahir, S., A., Masjuki, H., H., Kalam, M., A., Imran, A., Ashraful, A., M., Performance and emission assessment of diesel-biodiesel-ethanol/bioethanol blend as a fuel in diesel engines: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 48 (2015), pp. 62-78.
  7. Mofijur, M., Rasul, M., G., Hyde, J., Azad, A., K., Mamat, R., Bhuiya, M., M., K., Role of biofuel and their binary (diesel-biodiesel) and ternary (ethanol-biodiesel-diesel) blends on internal combustion engines emission reduction, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 53 (2016), pp. 265-278.
  8. Sastry, G., R., K., Deb, M., Panda, J., K., Effect of Fuel Injection Pressure, Isobutanol and ethanol addition on performance of diesel-biodiesel fuelled D.I. diesel engine, Energy Procedia, 66 (2015), pp. 81-84.
  9. Demirbas, A., Progress and recent trends in biodiesel fuels, Energy Conversion and Management, 50 (2009), pp. 14-34.
  10. Ong, H., C., Masjuki, H., H., Mahlia, T., M., I., Silitonga, A., S., Chong, W., T., Leong, K., Y., Optimization of biodiesel production and engine performance from high free fatty acid Calophyllum inophyllum oil in CI diesel engine, Energy Conversion and Management 81 (2014), pp. 30-40.
  11. Özener, O., Yüksel, L., Ergenç, A., T., Özkan, M., Effects of soybean biodiesel on a DI diesel engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics, Fuel, 115 (2014), pp. 875-883.
  12. Chang, Y., C., Lee, W., J., Wu, T., S., Wu, C., Y., Chen, S., J., Use of water containing acetone-butanolethanol for NOX-PM (nitrogen oxide-particulate matter) trade-off in the diesel engine fueled with biodiesel, Energy, 64 (2014), pp. 678-687.
  13. Fang, Q., Fang, J., Zhuang, J., Huang, Z,. Effects of ethanol-diesel-biodiesel blends on combustion and emissions in premixed low temperature combustion, Applied Thermal Engineering, 54 (2013), pp.541-548.
  14. Park, S., H., Cha, J., Le, C., S., Impact of biodiesel in bioethanol blended diesel on the engine performance and emissions characteristics in compression ignition engine, Applied Energy, 99 (2011), pp. 334-343.
  15. How, H., G., Masjuki, H., H., Kalam, M., A., Teoh, Y., H., Engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a common-rail diesel engine fuelled with bioethanol as a fuel additive in coconut oil biodiesel blends, Energy Procedia, 61 (2014), pp. 1655-1659.
  16. Lei, J., Bi, Y., Shen, L., Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with ethanoldiesel blends in different altitude regions, Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 417421 (2011), pp. 1-10.
  17. Özsezen, A., N., Investigation of the effects of biodiesel produced from waste palm oil on the engine performance and emission characteristics, Kocaeli University, PhD Dissertation (2007), pp. 64-139.
  18. Sahoo, P., K., Das, L., M., Combustion analysis of Jatropha, Karanja and Polanga based biodiesel as fuel in a diesel engine, Fuel, 88 (6) (2009), pp. 994-99.
  19. Dhar, A., Kevin, R., Agarwal, A., K., Production of biodiesel from high-FFA neem oil and its performance, emission and combustion characterization in a single cylinder DICI engine, Fuel Processing Technology, 97 (2012), pp. 118-129.
  20. Rounce, P., Tsolakis, A., York, A., P., E., Speciation of particulate matter and hydrocarbon emissions from biodiesel combustion and its reduction by aftertreatment, Fuel, 96 (2012), pp. 90-99.
  21. Su, J., Zhu, H., Bohac, S., V., Particulate matter emission comparison from conventional and premixed low temperature combustion with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel-ethanol fuels, Fuel, 113 (2013), pp. 221-227.
  22. Lesnik, L., Iljaz, J., Hribernik, A., Kegl, B., Numerical and experimental study of combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a heavy-duty DI diesel engine running on diesel, biodiesel and their blends, Energy Conversion and Management, 81 (2014), pp. 534-546.
  23. Xing-cai, L., Jian-guang, Y., Wu-gao, Z., Zhen, H., Effect of cetane number improver on heat release rate and emissions of high speed diesel engine fueled with ethanol-diesel blend fuel, Fuel, 83 (14-15) (2004), pp. 2013-2020.
  24. Rakopoulos, C., D., Antonopoulos, K., A., Rakopoulos, D., C., Experimental heat release analysis and emissions of a HSDI diesel engine fueled with ethanol-diesel fuel blends, Energy, 32 (10) (2007), pp. 1791- 1808.
  25. Lapuerta, M., Armas, O., Herreros, J., M., Emissions from a diesel-bioethanol blend in an automotive diesel engine, Fuel, 87(1) (2008), pp. 25-31.
  26. Anbarasu, A., Saravanan, M., Loganathan, M., The effect of ethanol addition in a biodiesel operated DI diesel engine on combustion, performance, and emission characteristics, International Journal of Green Energy, 10 (2013), pp. 90-102.
  27. Chen, H., Shuai, S., Wang, J., Study on combustion characteristics and PM emission of diesel engines using ester-ethanol-diesel blended fuels, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 31(2) (2007), pp. 2981- 2989.
  28. Qi, D., H., Chen, H., Geng, L., M., Bian, Y., Z., Effect of diethyl ether and ethanol additives on the combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel-diesel blended fuel engine, Renewable Energy, 36(4) (2011), pp. 1252-1258.
  29. Zhu, L., Cheung, C., S., Zhang, W., G, Huang, Z., Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine fueled with ethanol-biodiesel blends, Fuel, 90(5) (2011), pp. 1743-1750.
  30. Imtenan, S., Masjuki, H., H., Varman, M., Kalam, M., A., Arbab, M., I., Sajjad, H., Ashrafur Rahman, S., M., Impact of oxygenated additives to palm and jatropha biodiesel blends in the context of performance and emissions characteristics of a light-duty diesel engine, Energy Conversion and Management, 83 (2014), pp. 149-158.
  31. Pilusa, T., J., Mollagee, M., M., Muzenda, E., Reduction of vehicle exhaust emissions from diesel engines using the whale concept filter, Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 12 (2012), pp. 994-1006.
  32. Ilkılıç, C., Aydın, S., Behcet, R., Aydin, H., Biodiesel from safflower oil and its application in a diesel engine, Fuel Processing Technology, 92(3) (2011), pp. 356-362.
  33. Pulkrabek, W., W., Engineering fundamentals of the internal combustion engine, 2nd ed. USA: Prentice Hall, (2004).
  34. Ferguson, C., R., Kirkpatrick, A., T., Internal combustion engines: applied thermos sciences, 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc; (2006).
  35. Fattah, I., M., R., Masjuki, H., H., Kalam, M., Wakil., M., A., Ashraful, A., M., Shahir, S., A., Experimental investigation of performance and regulated emissions of a diesel engine with Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel blends accompanied by oxidation inhibitors, Energy Conversion and Management, 83 (2014), pp. 232-240.
  36. Parekh, P., R., Goswami, J., Emission and performance of diesel engine using waste cooking oil bio diesel blends-review, Journal of Engineering Research and Studies, 3(1) 2012, pp. 34-39.
  37. Jagadish, D., Kumar, P., R., Murhty, K., M., Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine run on biofuels based on experimental and semi analytical methods, International journal of energy and environment, 2(5) (2011), pp. 899-908.
  38. Yılmaz, N., Comparative analysis of biodiesel ethanol diesel and biodiesel methanol diesel blends in a diesel engine, Energy, 40(1) (2012), pp. 210-213.
  39. Kegl, B., Effects of biodiesel on emissions of a bus diesel engine, Bioresource Technology, 99(4) (2008), pp. 863-873.
  40. Lin, C., Li, R., Engine performance and emission characteristics of marine fish-oil biodiesel produced from the discarded parts of marine fish, Fuel Processing Technology, 90(7-8) (2009), pp. 883-888.
  41. Nabi, N., Rahman, M., Akhter, S., Biodiesel from cotton seed oil and its effect on engine performance and exhaust emissions, Applied Thermal Engineering 29(11-12) (2009), pp. 2265-2270.
  42. Enweremadu, C., C., Rutto, H., L., Peleowo, N., Performance evaluation of a diesel engine fueled with methyl ester of shea butter, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 5(7) (2011), pp. 1216- 1220.
  43. Prasad, L., Pradhan, S., Das, L., M., Naik, S., N., Experimental assessment of toxic phorbol ester in oil, biodiesel and seed cake of Jatropha curcas and use of biodiesel in diesel engine, Applied Energy, 93 (2012), pp. 245-250.
  44. Kim, H., Choi, B., Effect of ethanol-diesel blend fuels on emission and particle size distribution in a common-rail direct injection diesel engine with warm-up catalytic converter, Renewable Energy, 33(10) (2008), pp. 2222-2228.
  45. Rakopoulos, D., C., Rakopoulos, C., D., Kakaras, E., C., Giakoumis, E., G., Effects of ethanol-diesel fuel blends on the performance and exhaust emissions of heavy duty DI diesel engine, Energy Conversion and Management, 49(11) (2008), pp. 3155-3162.
  46. Shi, X., Yu, Y., He, H., Shuai, S., Wang, J., Li, R., Emission characteristics using methyl soyate- ethanol-diesel fuel blends on a diesel engine, Fuel, 84(12-13) (2005), pp. 1543-1549.
  47. Savitzky, A., Golay, M., J., E., Smoothing and differentiation of data by simplified least squares procedures, Analytic Chemistry, 36 (1994), pp. 1627-1639.
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
Performance, emission and combustion analysis of a compression ignition engine using biofuel blends

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence