THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Arturo De Risi

,

Marco Milanese

,

Gianpiero Colangelo

,

Domenico Laforgia

HIGH EFFICIENCY NANOFLUID COOLING SYSTEM FOR WIND TURBINES

ABSTRACT
The efficiency of cooling system is critical for wind turbines, particularly during the hot season, when high temperatures could damage the electric generator and mechanical parts of the turbine. The cooling system proposed in this paper is able to increase the efficiency of heat transfer with the use of nanofluids and the wind turbine tower as a heat exchanger to dissipate waste heat in the environment. In this study the use of Al2O3-water nanofluids has been considered. The results of this investigation appear encouraging because they have shown that the proposed new solution is able to assure highly efficient heat transfer and to limit thermal stresses on the electrical and mechanical components of wind turbines.
KEYWORDS
wind turbine, nanofluid, cooling system
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2013-03-16
PAPER REVISED: 2013-08-01
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2013-08-01
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2013-08-17
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI130316116D
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2014, VOLUME 18, ISSUE Issue 2, PAGES [543 - 554]
REFERENCES
  1. Xue, Q., Wen - Mei Xu, A model of thermal conductivity of nanofluids with interfacial shell, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 90 (2005), 298 - 301.
  2. Maxwell, J.C., A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1904, p. 435.
  3. Colangelo, G., Favale, E. , de Risi, A., Laforgia, D., Results of Experimental Investigations on the Heat Conductivity of Nanofluids Based on Diathermic Oil for High Temperature Applications, Applied Energy, 97 (2012), p. 828-833.
  4. Colangelo, G., Favale, E., de Risi, A., Laforgia, D., A new solution for reduced sedimentation flat panel solar thermal collector using nanofluids, Applied Energy ,111 (2013), p. 80-93.
  5. Hajian, R., Layeghi, M., Abbaspour, S. K., Experimental study of nanofluid effects on the thermal performance with response time of heat pipe, Energy Conversion and Managemen,t 56 (2012), p. 63-68.
  6. Colangelo, G., Favale, E., de Risi, A., Starace, G., Laforgia, D., A new solar panel working with nanofluids (in Italian), Proceedings of 66th ATI National Congress, 5 - 9 September 2011, Italy.
  7. Yimin Xuan, Qiang Li, Heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 21 (2000), p. 58 - 64.
  8. Keblinski, P., Phillpot, S.R., Choi, S.U.S., Eastman, J.A., Mechanism of heat flow in suspensions of nano-sized particles (nanofluids), International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 45 (2002), p. 855 - 863.
  9. Jang, S. P., Choi, S.U.S., Effect of parameters on nanofluids thermal conductivity, Journal Heat Transfer, 129 (2007), p. 617 - 623.
  10. Corcione, M., Empirical correlating equations for predicting the effective thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of nanofluids, Energy Conversion and Management, 52 (1) (2011), p. 789-793.
  11. Strandberg, R., Das, D. K., Influence of temperature and properties variation on nanofluids in building heating, Energy Conversion and Management, 51 (7) (2010), p. 1381-1390.
  12. Yurong He, Yi Jin, Haisheng Chen, Yulong Ding, Daqiang Cang, Hulin Lu, Heat Transfer and flow behaviour of aqueous suspensions of TiO2 nanoparticles (nanofluids) flowing upward through a vertical pipe, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 50 (2007), p. 2272 - 2281.
  13. Agwu Nnanna, A.G., Experimental Model of Temperature - Driven Nanofluid, Journal Heat Transfer, 129 (2007), p. 697 - 704.
  14. Cherng-Yuan Lin, Jung-Chang Wang, Teng-Chieh Chen, Analysis of suspension and heat transfer characteristics of Al2O3 nanofluids prepared through ultrasonic vibration, Applied Energy, 88 (2011), p. 4527.
  15. Qing - Zhong Xue, Model for effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids, Physics Letter A, 307 (2003), p. 313 - 317.
  16. Hwang, Y., Lee, J.K., Lee, C.H., Jung, Y.M. , Cheong, S.I., Lee, C.G., Ku, B.C., Jang, S.P., Stability and Thermal conductivity characteristic of nanofluids, Thermochimica Acta, 455 (2007), p. 70 - 74.
  17. Okeke, G. , Hammond, R. B., Antony, S. J., Influence of size and temperature on the phase stability and thermophysical properties of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles: molecular dynamics simulation, Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 15 (2013), p. 1584.
  18. Franco, A., An apparatus for the routine measurement of thermal conductivity of materials for building application based on a hot - wire method, Applied Thermal Energy, 27 (2007), p. 2495 - 2504.
  19. ASTM D 2717 - 95, Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Liquids.
  20. Okeke, G., Witharana, S., Antony, S. J., Ding, Y., Computational analysis of factors influencing thermal conductivity of nanofluids, Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 13 (2011), p. 6365-6375.
  21. Hamilton, R.L., Crosser, O.K., Thermal conductivity of heterogeneous two component system, I and EC Fundamentals, 1 (1962), p. 187-191.
  22. Zhang, X., Gu, H., Fujii, M., Effective thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of nanofluids containing spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles, Journal of Applied Physics, 100 (4) (2006) 044325, p 1-5.
  23. Buongiorno, J., Convective transport in nanofluids, Journal Heat Transfer, 128-3 (2006), p. 240-251.
  24. Wang, X.Q., Mujumdar, A.S., Heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids: a review, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 46 (2007), p. 1-19.
  25. Mansour, R.B., Galanis, N., Nguyen, C.T., Effects of uncertainties in physical properties on forced convection heat transfer with nanofluid, Applied Thermal Engineering, 27 (2007), p. 240-249.
  26. Pak, B.C., Cho, Y.I., Hydrodynamic and heat transfer study of dispersed fluids with submicron metallic oxide particles, Experimental Heat Transfer, 11 (1998), p. 151-170.
  27. Li, Q., Xuan, Y., Li, Q., Xuan, Y., Convective heat transfer performances of fluids with nanoparticles, Proceedings 12th Int. Heat Transfer Conference Grenoble, France, 2002, pp. 483-488.
  28. Wen, D., Ding, Y., Experimental investigation into convective heat transfer of nanofluids at the entrance region under laminar flow conditions, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 47 (2004), p. 5181-5188.
  29. Xuan, Y., Li, Q., Investigation on Convective Heat Transfer and Flow Features of Nanofluids, Journal of Heat Transfer, 125 (2003), p. 151-155.
  30. Wang, X., Xu, X., Choi, S.U.S., Thermal conductivity of nanoparticles-fluid mixture, J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer, 13 (4) (1999), p. 474- 480.
  31. Colangelo, G., de Risi, A., Laforgia, D., Experimental study of a burner with high temperature heat recovery system for TPV applications, Energy Conversion and Management, 47 (9-10) (2006), p. 1192-1206.
  32. Colangelo, G., de Risi, A., Laforgia, D., New approaches to the design of the combustion system for thermophotovoltaic applications, Semiconductor Science and Technology ,18 (5) (2003), p. S262-S269
  33. Xinyu Wu, Huiying Wu, Ping Cheng, Pressure drop and heat transfer of Al2O3-H2O nanofluids through silicon microchannels, Journal Micromechanical Microengineering, 19 (2009), 105020 (11pp)
  34. Ziaei-Rad, M., Numerical investigation of pressure drop and heat transfer in developing laminar and turbulent nanofluid flows, Physica Scripta ,T155 (2013), 014021 (8pp)
  35. Bayat, J., Nikseresht, A. H., Thermal performance and pressure drop analysis of nanofluids in turbulent forced convective flows, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 60 (2012), p. 236-243
  36. Bayat, J., Nikseresht, A. H., Investigation of the different base fluid effects on the nanofluids heat transfer and pressure drop, Heat Mass Transfer, 47 (2011), p. 1089-1099
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
High efficiency nanofluid cooling system for wind turbines

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence