THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Thermal Science - Online First

Authors of this Paper

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Žarko J. Rađenović

,

Milena N. Rajić

online first only

Two-step cluster analysis for energy performance indicators comparison

ABSTRACT
Assessing energy performance indicators is important for understanding EU countries' progress toward achieving sustainability and climate goals, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing the share of renewable energy. This paper employs two-step cluster analysis (TSCA) using IBM SPSS 26.0 to classify EU member states based on six key energy indicators. The optimal number of clusters was determined using Schwarz's Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), ensuring statistical robustness. Four distinct clusters were identified, revealing varying strengths and weaknesses. These insights provide important guidance for policymakers, enabling the development of targeted strategies for improving energy efficiency and sustainability across the EU.
KEYWORDS
Energy performance indicators, Two-step cluster analysis, energy management, sustainability
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2025-02-05
PAPER REVISED: 2025-03-17
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2025-03-23
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2025-04-05
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI250205056R
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Two-step cluster analysis for energy performance indicators comparison