THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Thermal Science - Online First

Danka M. Kostadinović

,

Marina P. Jovanović

,

Vukman V. Bakić

online first only

Impact of extensive green roof on the removal of particulate matter

ABSTRACT
This paper investigates the impact of extensive green roof on ambient PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations. During summer, PM concentrations in ambient air were measured above the green roof and reference roof of a school building in the urban environment. The backward trajectory of air mass from the HYSPLIT model was used to access the particle's emission source. The results show that green roof reduces PM concentration in ambient air by up to 67% and improve the Air Quality Index. The larger impact was observed for PM1 particles, which are the most dangerous for human health. The high correlation coefficients for the ratio of PM2.5/PM10 concentrations were found above both roofs, indicating fine particulate dominance. The findings of this paper can help the large-scale adoption of green roofs to mitigate air pollution.
KEYWORDS
air pollution, air quality, Air quality index, green roof, PM, particulate matter, vegetation
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2025-01-09
PAPER REVISED: 2024-12-07
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2024-12-15
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2025-01-09
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI241011286K
REFERENCES
  1. World Health Organization.(2021). WHO global air quality guidelines particulate matter ( PM2.5 and PM10), ozone, nitrogen dioxide,sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide
  2. Borck, R., Philipp Schrauth, P., Population density and urban air quality, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 86 (2021), 103596
  3. Health impact of ambient air pollution in Serbia, A Call to Action, WHO Regional Office for Europe
  4. Thangavel, P., et al., Recent Insights into Particulate Matter (PM2.5)-Mediated Toxicity in Humans: An Overview, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (2022),12, 7511
  5. Report on the state of the environment in the Republic of Serbia, Republic of Serbia, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Agency for environmental protection, www.sepa.gov.rs/index.php?menu=5000&id=1304&akcija=showDocuments&tema=Vazduh
  6. Viecco, M., et al., Potential of Particle Matter Dry Deposition on Green Roofs and Living Walls Vegetation for Mitigating Urban Atmospheric Pollution in Semiarid Climates, Sustainability, 10 (2018), 7, 2431
  7. Gaglio, M., et al., Species-specific efficiency in PM2.5 removal by urban trees: From leaf measurements to improved modeling estimates, Science of The Total Environment, 844 (2022), 157131
  8. Caetano, P.M.D., et al., The City of São Paulo's Environmental Quota A Policy to Embrace Urban Environmental Services and Green Infrastructure Inequalities in the Global South, Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 3 (2021)
  9. Shafique, M., et al., Green roof benefits, opportunities and challenges-A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 90 (2018), pp. 757-773
  10. Suszanowicz, D., Wiecek, A.K., The Impact of Green Roofs on the Parameters of the Environment in Urban Areas-A review, Atmosphere, 10 (2019), pp. 1-17
  11. Gulia, S., et al., Urban air quality management-A review, Atmospheric Pollution Research, 6 (2015), pp. 286-304
  12. Yang, J., et al., Quantifying Air Pollution Removal by Green Roofs in Chicago, Atmospheric Environment, 42 (2008), 31, pp. 7266-7273
  13. Tan, P.Y., Sia, A., A Pilot Green Roof Research Project in Singapore, Proceedings of 3rd North American Green Roof Conference: Greening Rooftops for Sustainable Communities, Washington, USA, 2005
  14. Irga, P.J., et al., Biosolar green roofs and ambient air pollution in city centres: Mixed results, Building and Environment, 226 (2022), 109712
  15. Arbid, Y., et al., Towards an experimental approach for measuring the removal of urban air pollutants by green roofs, Building and Environment, 205 (2021), 108286
  16. Li, J, et al., Effect of green roof on ambient CO2 concentration, Building and Environment, 45 (2010), 12, pp. 2644-2651
  17. Abhijith, K.V., Kumar, P., Quantifying particulate matter reduction and their deposition on the leaves of green infrastructure, Environmental Pollution, 265 (2020), 114884
  18. IQAir, www.iqair.com/
  19. 2020 World Air Quality Report-IQAir, www.iqair.com/serbia/central-serbia/belgrade?srsltid=AfmBOopLVz04LqpvGZUYnGvQgzst-0LRdSUFQOtpN9xFRqozrNWUd6m5
  20. Annual report on the results of air quality measurements on the territory of Belgrade in the local network of measuring stations, Belgrade City Institute for Public Health, HEAL archive, www.env-health.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/AQ_City_briefings_Belgrade.pdf
  21. Stein, A. F., et al., NOAA's HYSPLIT Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling System, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (2015), 12, pp. 2059-2077
  22. Kottek, M., et al., orld map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated, Meteorologische Zeitschrif, 15 (2006), pp. 259-263
  23. Marković, M., et al., Monitoring of Spatiotemporal Change of Green Spaces in Relation to the Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Belgrade, Serbia, Remote Sensing, 13 (2021), 19, 3846
  24. balkangreenenergynews.com/temperature-in-belgrade-is-seven-degrees-higher-due-to-lack-of-green-areas
  25. Badura, M., et al., Evaluation of Low-Cost Sensors for Ambient PM2.5 Monitoring, Journal of Sensors, (2018), 5096540
  26. Kelly, K.E., et al., Ambient and laboratory evaluation of a low-cost particulate matter sensor, Environmental Pollution, 221 (2017), pp. 491-500
  27. Horn, S.A., Dasgupta, P.K., The Air Quality Index (AQI) in historical and analytical perspective a tutorial review, Talanta, 267 (2024), 125260
  28. Gallo F., et al., Long-range transported continental aerosol in the eastern North Atlantic: three multiday event regimes influence cloud condensation nuclei, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 23 (2023), pp. 4221-4246
  29. Bamola, S., et al., Characterising temporal variability of PM2.5/PM10 ratio and its correlation with meteorological variables at a sub-urban site in the Taj City, Urban Climate, 53 (2024), 101763
  30. Tolis, E., et al., Chemical Characterization of Particulate Matter (PM) and Source Apportionment Study during Winter and Summer Period for the City of Kozani, Greece, Open Chemistry, 12 (2014), pp. 643-651
  31. orld ealth rgani ation. ( 2021) . global air uality guidelines particulate matter ( PM2.5 and PM10) , ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide
  32. Abhijith, K.V., Kumar, P., Field investigations for evaluating green infrastructure effects on air quality in open-road conditions, Atmospheric Environment, 201 (2019), 132e147
  33. Tong, Z., et al., A case study of air quality above an urban roof top vegetable farm, Environmental Pollution, 208 (2016), Part A, pp. 256-260
  34. Marquez, M.I.V., Effectiveness of green roofs and walls to mitigate atmospheric particulate matter pollution in a semi-arid climate, Ph. D. thesis, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile School of Engineering, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 2021
  35. Kostadinović, D., et al., Mitigation of urban particulate pollution using lightweight green roof system, Energy and Buildings, 293 (2023), 113203
  36. Guo L-C., The washout effects of rainfall on atmospheric particulate pollution in two Chinese cities, Environmental Pollution, 215 (2016), pp. 195-202
  37. AQI Calculator - US EPA Scale convertor, aqicn.org/calculator RECEIVED DATE: 11.10.24
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
Impact of extensive green roof on the removal of particulate matter