As a new generation of luminescent materials, aluminate rare earth materials have the characteristics of long luminescent time, adjustable wavelength and high brightness. Aluminate rare earth luminescent materials were prepared by high temperature solid-state method, and the luminescent properties of the luminescent materials were studied. Firstly, the author synthesized magnesium aluminate, calcium aluminates, and zinc aluminate matrix by combustion method. Then aluminate rare earth luminescent materials were prepared by high temperature solid phase method through raw material distribution, raw material mixing, drying, calcination, and post-treatment. Finally, a fluorescence spectrophotometer was used to measure the excitation and emission spectra of the prepared sample material. The research results indicate that the excitation wavelength does not affect the relationship between the emission wavelength and light intensity, the emission spectra of MgAl2O4:Tb3+ and CaAl2O4:Tb3+ exhibit narrowband transition emission states; When the mass fraction of rare earth factor Eu3+ in the activator is 6% and the temperature is 1300°C, the emission peak intensity of the luminescent material reaches its maximum value, and the luminescence intensity is the best.