In order to understand the thermal characteristics analysis of nighttime thermal storage heating, the author proposes a study on the thermal characteristics analysis of nighttime thermal storage heating of building envelope structures. In some places, the writer will use an office room as a research object. The main purpose of the experiment is to measure, compare and analyze the surface temperature and heat flow rate of the room sample volume under two conditions: constant power 24 hour heating and night constant thermal power (12 hours) heating. In order to verify the accuracy of the dynamic thermal process of the heating room, the indoor air time variation will be performed along with the simulation results. Thermal performance parameters and characteristics of building thermal envelope heating effect of storage room were studied. The mathematical model of the thermal dynamic process of the heating room was established using the heat balance method and verified by experiments. According to the experiment, when the heating time increases from 5-12 hours, the additional heating consumption of the building heating system decreases by 500 Wh, and the additional heating consumption decreases to 19.4. In addition, it is important to change the heating time of the night-time packing model and the total heat accumulation. In addition, external wall insulation is useful in reducing additional heating consumption and building heating costs, but all heat transfer between model blocks is low. As the weather changes and the heat transfer coefficient of the external window increases, the additional amount of heat consumption and the additional value of heat consumption for heat storage of the building will increase. In the process of continuous heating operation, the additional heat consumption of the building heating system, the additional heat consumption gradually decreases, the heating equipment changes per hour, and the total heat accumulation of the night packing structure is important.