THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Youbo Huang

,

Bin Wang

,

Bingyan Dong

,

Ying Tang

,

Wenhe Wang

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FLAME GEOMETRIC OF HORIZONTAL JET FIRE INPINGING A FACING WALL AND SIDE WALL

ABSTRACT
This work focuses on investigating the characteristics of restricted horizontal jet fire caused by fuel leakage as a pipeline or tank fracture. The study aims to quantify the effect of the exit velocity and nozzle-facing wall distance on the flame height and width, as well as developing a new non-dimensional heat release rate, Q*n , to better characterize the flame geometry. The study conducted three nozzle-facing wall distances (0.05 m, 0.10 m, and 0.15 m) with varying fuel ejection speeds from 1.04 m/s to 6.25 m/s. Results show that the flame height and width increase with both the nozzle-facing wall distance and fuel ejection speed. The sidewall constrains the air entering into the fire plume, which pushes the flame closer to the sidewall. A new non-dimensional heat release rate, Q*n , was proposed on the basis of plate-nozzle distance, that the flame height and width fit well with the 1/4 and 2/5 power of Q*n , respectively. The global model was developed for flame size under multiple restrictions. The findings of this study are crucial in improving our understanding of the restricted horizontal jet fire accidents caused by fuel leakage and can aid in developing measures to minimize potential casualties and economic losses.
KEYWORDS
jet fire, flame morphology, multiple wall, flame height, convective heat transfer
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2023-03-28
PAPER REVISED: 2023-05-26
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2023-05-29
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2023-07-16
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI230328148H
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2024, VOLUME 28, ISSUE Issue 1, PAGES [453 - 464]
REFERENCES
  1. Boukhelef, M., et al., Numerical Study of the Injection Conditions Effect of the Behavior of Hydrogen- Air Diffusion Flame, Thermal science, 26 (2022), 5A, pp. 3741-3750
  2. Zuo, W., et al., Parametric Study of Cavity on the Performance of a Hydrogen-Fueled Micro Planar Combustor for Thermophotovoltaic Applications, Energy, 263 (2023), 126028
  3. Wang, Z. H., et al., Flame Morphologic Characteristics of Horizontally Oriented Jet Fires Impinging on a Vertical Plate: Experiments and Theoretical Analysis, Energy, 264 (2023), 126210
  4. Zhang, B. Z., et al., Numerical Simulation and Safety Evaluation of Multi-Source Leakage of Buried Product Oil Pipeline, Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects, 44 (2022), 3, pp. 6737-6757
  5. Wang, C., et al., Experimental Study of Flame Morphology and Size Model of a Horizontal Jet Flame Impinging a Wall, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 147 (2021), Mar., pp. 1009-1017
  6. Xie, K., et al., Experimental Study on the Effect of Spray Cone Angle on the Characteristics of Horizontal Jet Spray Flame Under Sun-Atmospheric Pressure, Thermal Science, 24 (2020), 5A, pp. 2941-2952
  7. Zhang, X., et al., Flame Extension Length and Temperature Profile in Thermal Impinging Flow of Buoyant Round Jet Upon a Horizontal Plate, Applied Thermal Engineering, 73 (2014), 1, pp. 15-22
  8. Zhang, X., et al., Flame Lengths in Two Directions Underneath a Ceiling Induced by Line-Source Fire: An Experimental Study and Global Model, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 38 (2021), 3, pp. 4561-4568
  9. Zhang, X., et al., Flame Extension Lengths Beneath an Inclined Ceiling Induced by Rectangular-Source Fires, Combustion and Flame, 176 (2017), Feb., pp. 349-357
  10. Wang, A., et al., Experimental Study on the Flame Extension and Risk Analysis of a Diffusion Impinging Flame in Confined Compartment, Journal of Fire Sciences, 39 (2021), 4, pp. 285-308
  11. Hu, L. H., et al., Flame Heights of Line-Source Buoyant Turbulent Non-Premixed Jets with Air Entrainment Constraint by Two Parallel Sidewalls, Fuel, 200 (2017), July, pp. 583-589
  12. Tao, C. F., et al., The Investigation of Flame Length of Buoyancy-Controlled Gas Fire Bounded by Wall and Ceiling, Applied Thermal Engineering, 127 (2017), Dec., pp. 1172-1183
  13. Tao, C. F., et al., Experimental Investigations on Temperature Profile and Air Entrainment of Buoyancy-Controlled Jet Flame from Inclined Nozzle Bounded the Wall, Applied Thermal Engineering, 111 (2017), Jan., pp. 510-515
  14. Zhang, X. L., et al., Experimental Study and Analysis on Flame Lengths Induced by Wall-Attached Fire Impinging Upon an Inclined Ceiling, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 37 (2019), 3, pp. 3879-3887
  15. Palacios, A., Rengel, B., Computational Analysis of Vertical and Horizontal Jet Fires, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 65 (2020), 104096
  16. Houf, W., et al., Evaluation of Barrier Walls for Mitigation of Unintended Releases of Hydrogen, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35 (2010), 10, pp. 4758-4775
  17. Houf, W. G., et al., A Study of Barrier Walls for Mitigation of Unintended Releases of Hydrogen, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36 (2011), 3, pp. 2520-2529
  18. Schefer, R. W., et al., Experimental Evaluation of Barrier Walls for Risk Reduction of Unintended Hydrogen Releases, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34 (2009), 3, pp. 1590-1606
  19. Schefer, R. W., et al., Experimental Investigation of Hydrogen Jet Fire Mitigation by Barrier Walls, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36 (2011), 3, pp. 2530-2537
  20. Foroughi, V., et al., Thermal Effects of a Sonic Jet Fire Impingement on a Pipe, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 71 (2021), 104449
  21. Wang Z. H., et al., Flame Extension Area and Temperature Profile of Horizontal Jet Fire Impinging on a Vertical Plate, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 147 (2021), Mar., pp. 547-558
  22. Huang, Y. B., et al., Computational Investigation of Flame Extension Height for Horizontally Oriented Rectangular Source Jet Fires Impinging on a Vertical Plate, Fire and Materials, 43 (2019), 7, pp. 821-830
  23. Dong, B. Y., et al., Temperature Profile of Thermal Impinging Flow Induced by Horizontally Oriented Rectangular Jet Flame Upon an Opposite Plate, Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 11 (2019), 5, 051019
  24. Tang, F., et al., Flame Characteristics and Heat Flux Profile of a Tank Surface Caused by Horizontal Gas Leak Jet Fire Impingement, Fire Safety Journal, 134 (2022), 103709
  25. Palacios, A., et al., Thermal Radiation from Vertical Jet Fires, Fire Safety Journal, 51 (2012), July, pp. 93-101
  26. Houf, W., Schefer, R., Analytical and Experimental Investigation of Small-Scale Unintended Releases of Hydrogen, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33 (2008), 4, pp. 1435-1444
  27. Tang, Z. H., et al., Study on the Extension Length of Horizontal Hydrogen Jet Fires Under the Action of Water Curtain, Fuel, 322 (2022), 124254
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
Experimental study on flame geometric of horizontal jet fire inpinging a facing wall and side wall

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence