THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Authors of this Paper

External Links

Shouguang Yao

,

Xiaoxu Yang

LOSSLESS STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION LAW OF 250M3 HORIZONTAL LIQUID HYDROGEN STORAGE TANK

ABSTRACT
In this paper, the effects of the initial filling rate and heat flux density on the natural convection inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the variation laws of temperature and pressure are studied. The study found that the optimal initial filling rate of the 250m3 liquid hydrogen storage tank was 86%. When the initial filling rate is in the range of 35% to 95%, the change of the heat flux density has a greater impact on the self-pressurization phenomenon than the change of the filling rate. When the initial filling rate is lower than 35%, the pressure in the tank rises sharply, and the change of the initial filling rate has a great influence on the self-pressurization phenomenon. The high initial filling rate and high heat flux density make the pressure rise of the liquid hydrogen storage tank faster during the pressure recovery period. When the liquid hydrogen begins to evaporate in large quantities, the low filling rate and high heat flux make the tank pressure increase faster. By comparing the three thermodynamic models with the simulation results, it is found that the pressure deviation of the 250 m3 liquid hydrogen storage tank with a filling rate of 86% is within 20% calculated by the three-zone model, which is the closest to the simulation results. The deviation of the surface evaporation model at high heat flux density and high filling rate reached 76% and 88.3%, respectively, which was the most affected calculation model by the change of heat flux density and initial filling rate.
KEYWORDS
Liquid hydrogen storage tanks, Lossless storage and transportation, thermodynamic
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2022-02-28
PAPER REVISED: 2022-05-20
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2022-05-24
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2022-07-09
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI220228094Y
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2022, VOLUME 26, ISSUE Issue 6, PAGES [5131 - 5145]
REFERENCES
  1. Ratnakar R R, et al. Hydrogen supply chain and challenges in large-scale LH2 storage and transportation, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(2021),47,pp. 24149-24168
  2. Wang S. Beyond design basis seismic evaluation of underground liquid storage tanks in existing nuclear power plants using simple method, Nuclear Engineering and Technology, (2021)
  3. D. Salomone, et al. Modeling of heat leak effect in round trip efficiency for Brayton pumped heat energy storage with liquid media, by cooling and heating of the reservoirs tanks, Journal of Energy Storage, 46(2022), pp.103793
  4. D.H. Liebenberg, et al. Pressurization analysis of a large-scale liquid hydrogen dewar, Plenum Press, (1965), pp. 284-289
  5. M.M. Hasan, et al. Self-pressurization of a flight-weight liquid. hydrogen storage tank subjected to low heat flux, Am. Soc. Mech. Eng. Heat Transf. Div. HTD. 167(1991),pp. 37-42
  6. N.T. Van Dresar, et al. Self-pressurization of a flightweight liquid hydrogen tank - Effects of fill level at low wall heat flux, AIAA, 1992, 2, pp. 92-95
  7. LJ. Hastings, et al. Spray bar zero-gravity vent system for on-orbit liquid hydrogen storage, NASA/TM-2003-212926, 2003
  8. J.C. Aydelott, et al. Effect of size on normal-gravity self- pressurization of spherical liquid hydrogen tankage, NASA/TM-D-5196, 1969
  9. Gursu S, et al. Analysis and Optimization of Thermal Stratification and Self-Pressurization Effects in Liquid Hydrogen Storage Systems—Part 1: Model Development, Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 115 (1993),3, pp. 221-227
  10. Gursu S , et al. Analysis and Optimization of Thermal Stratification and Self-Pressurization Effects in Liquid Hydrogen Storage Systems—Part 2: Model Results and Conclusions, Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 115(1993),3, pp. 228-231
  11. Lin C S , et al. Self-pressurization of a spherical liquid hydrogen storage tank in a microgravity environment, estuarine coastal & shelf science, 1992
  12. Lin C S, et al. Pressure Control Analysis of Cryogenic Storage Systems, Journal of Propulsion and Power, 20(2004), 3, pp. 480-485
  13. Venkat S, et al. Self-Pressurization and Thermal Stratification in a Liquid Hydrogen Tank Under Varying Gravity Conditions, 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 2004
  14. Panzarella C H, et al. Self-Pressurization of Large Spherical Cryogenic Tanks in Space, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 42(2005), 2, pp. 299-308
  15. Lv R, et al. Thermodynamic Analysis of a Partially Filled Hydrogen Tank in a wide scale range, Applied Thermal Engineering, 193(2021), 6, pp. 117007
  16. Lei W, et al. Comparison of three computational models for predicting pressurization characteristics of cryogenic tank during discharge, Cryogenics, 65(2015), pp. 16-25
  17. Liu Z, et al. Development of thermal stratification in a rotating cryogenic liquid hydrogen tank, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 40(2015), 43, pp. 15067-15077
  18. Liu Z, et al. Effect of initial parameter on thermodynamic performance in a liquid oxygen tank with pressurized helium gas, Science and Technology for the Built Environment, (2019), pp. 1-32
  19. Zuo Z, et al. A numerical model for liquid-vapor transition in self-pressurized cryogenic containers, Applied Thermal Engineering, 193(2021), pp. 117005
  20. Seo M , et al. Thermodynamic analysis of self-pressurized liquid nitrogen cryogenic storage tank, Jsme-ksme Thermal & Fluids Engineering Conference. 2008
  21. Mansu Seo, et al. Analysis of self-pressurization phenomenon of cryogenic fluid storage tank with thermal diffusion model, Cryogenics, 50(2010), 9, pp. 549-555
  22. S, Yao, et al. Experimental and Theory Study of the Lossless Storage Law for Marine LNG Storage Tank Based on Modified Three-District Model, The Open Petroleum Engineering Journal, 7(2014), 1, pp. 104-108
  23. Choi S W, et al. Numerical analysis of convective flow and thermal stratification in a cryogenic storage tank, Numerical Heat Transfer Part A Applications, 71(2017), 4, pp. 402-422
  24. Kumar S S, et al. Design and Analysis of Hydrogen Storage Tank with Different Materials by Ansys, IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 810(2020), pp. 012016
  25. Tsipianitis A ,et al. Optimizing the seismic response of base-isolated liquid storage tanks using swarm intelligence algorithms, Computers & Structures, 243(2021), 15, pp. 106407
  26. Lisowski E., et al. Study on thermal insulation of liquefied natural gas cryogenic road tanker, Thermal Science, 23(2019), pp. S1381-S1391
  27. J. Brackbill, et al. A continuum method for modeling surface tension, J. Comput. Phys. 100 (1992), pp. 335-354
  28. Fu J, et al. Influence of phase change on self-pressurization in cryogenic tanks under microgravity, Applied Thermal Engineering, 87(2015), pp. 225-233
  29. H. Lee, A Pressure Iteration scheme for two-phase flow modeling, T.N. Veziroglu (Ed.), Multiphase Transport Fundamentals, Reactor Safety, Applications, 1, Hemisphere Publishing, Washington, DC, (1980)
  30. Z.Y. Liu, et al. VOF modelling and analysis of filmwise condensation between vertical parallel plates, Heat Transfer Research 43(2012), pp. 47-68
  31. L. Wang, et al. CFD investigation of thermal and pressurization performance in LH2 tank during discharge, Cryogenics, 57(2013), pp. 63-73
  32. L. Wang, et al. Transient thermal and pressurization performance of LO2 tank during helium pressurization combined with outside aerodynamic heating, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 62(2013), pp. 263-271
  33. B.F. Inc, Fluent User's Guide, in: Fluent Incorporated, Lebanon NH, 2010
  34. J.S. Brown, Vapor condensation on turbulent liquid, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991.
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
Lossless storage and transportation law of 250m3 horizontal liquid hydrogen storage tank

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence