THERMAL SCIENCE
International Scientific Journal
NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF PHASE CHANGE HEAT TRANSFER IN CRUDE OIL
ABSTRACT
Accurately obtaining the temperature distribution of the medium in the shutdown pipe-line of waxy crude-oil has important guiding significance for making maintenance plan and restart plan. The phase transition process of waxy crude-oil involves complex problems such as natural-convection heat transfer, latent heat release, and difficulty in tracing liquid-solid interface. In this paper, the concept and significance of breaking point were proposed. Taking the breaking point and the freezing point as dividing point, a new zonal partition model was established based on the influence of phase change of crude-oil wax crystal on heat transfer mode, with the corresponding governing equations being established for different regions. With the proposed model, the effects of natural-convection on heat transfer, latent heat release, location change of condensate reservoir, heat transfer mechanism, and other key issues in the process of oil phase transition were analyzed.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2019-06-23
PAPER REVISED: 2019-12-08
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2019-12-16
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2020-01-04
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR
2021, VOLUME
25, ISSUE
Issue 2, PAGES [1123 - 1134]
- Almsater S, et al., Development and Experimental Validation of a CFD Model for PCM in a Vertical Triplex Tube Heat Exchanger, Applied Thermal Engineering, 116 (2017), Apr., pp. 344-354
- Ramalingam, S., Effect of Uniform and Variable Fin Height on Charging and Discharging of Phase Change Material in a Horizontal Cylindrical Thermal Storage, Thermal Science, 23 (2019), 3B, pp. 1981-1988
- Korawan, A. D., et al., The 3-D Numerical and Experimental Study on Paraffin Wax Melting in Thermal Storage for the Nozzle-and-Shell, Tube-and-Shell, and Reducer-and-Shell Models, Modelling and Simulation in Engineering, 2017 (2017), ID 9590214
- Stetina, J., et al., Melting Front Propagation in a Paraffin-Based Phase Change Material: Lab-Scale Experiment and Simulations, Thermal Science, 22 (2018), 6B, pp. 2723-2732
- Mao, Q. J., et al., A Novel Heat Transfer Model of a Phase Change Material Using in Solar Power Plant, Applied Thermal Engineering, 129 (2018), Jan., pp. 557-563
- Sassos, A., Pantokratoras, A., et al., Convection in the Rayleigh-Benard Flow with all Fluid Properties Variable, Journal of Thermal Science, 5 (2011), 20, pp. 454-459
- Li, W., et al., Studies on Temperature Drop of Buried Waxy Crude Pipe-lines in Shutdown: A General Review, Oil and Gas, 23 (2004), Sept., pp. 4-8
- Yu, G., et al., A New General Model for Phase-Change Heat Transfer of Waxy Crude-Oil during the Ambient-Induced Cooling Proces, Numerical Heat Transfer, 71 (2017), 5, pp. 511-527
- Liu, X., et al., Study on Heat Transfer Performance of Medium in Aerial Hot Oil Pipe for Shutdown, Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 8 (2014), June, pp. 1-7
- Zhang, J. J., et al., Reliability-Based Approach to the Assessment of Restartability of Waxy Crude Pipe-lines, Petroleum Science Bulletin, 1 (2016), 1, pp. 154-163
- Xing, X., A Study of Shutdown and Restart up Process of the Buried Hot Oil Pipe-Line, Petroleum Planning Aand Engineering, 12 (2001), 3, pp. 21-23
- Han, D. X., et al., Fast Thermal Simulation of a Heated Crude-Oil Pipe-Line with a BFC-Based POD Reduced-Order Model, Applied Thermal Engineering, 88 (2015), Oct., pp. 217-229
- Lee, H. S., et al., Waxy Oil Gel Breaking Mechanisms: Adhesive vs. Cohesive Failure, Energy and Fuels, 22 (2008), 1, pp. 480-487
- Li, C. J., Numerieal Analysis of Heated Crude-Oil Pipe-Line at Shutdown, Oil and Gas Stor Transport, 20 (2001), 8, pp. 28-31
- Chen, J., Xuan, F., Numerical Simulation of the Temperature Drop in Submarine Oil Pipe-Line during Shutdown Based on Fluent, Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 27 (2014), Jan., pp. 93-96
- Liu, X. Y., et al., Melting Experiment of Cuboid Gelled Crude-Oil in Hot Water, Contemporary Chemical Industry, 3 (2016), pp. 532-534
- Liu, X., et al., Numerical Investigation of Waxy Crude-Oil Paste Melting on an Inner Overhead Pipe Wall, Applied Thermal Engineering, 131 (2018), Jan., pp. 779-785
- Zhao, Y. S., et al., Utilization of DSC, NIR and NMR for Wax Appearance Temperature and Chemical Additive Performance Characterization, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 120 (2015), Feb., pp. 1427-1433
- Fan, K. F., et al., Determination of the Optimizing Operating Procedure for DSC Test of Wax-Solvent Samples with Narrow and Sharp Wax Peak and Error Analysis of Data Reliability, Journal Therm. Anal. Calorim., 126 (2016), July, pp. 1713-1725
- Cheng, Q. L., et al., The Study on Temperature Field Variation and Phase Transition Law after Shutdown of Buried Waxy Crude-Oil Pipe-Line, Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 10 (2017), Sept., pp. 443-454
- El-Gendy, H., et al., The Propagation of Pressure in a Gelled Waxy Oil Pipe-Line as Studied by Particle Imaging Velocimetry, AIChE Journal, 58 (2012), 1, pp. 302-311
- Peerapornlerd, S., et al., Effect of the Flow Shutdown Temperature on the Gelation of Slurry Flows in a Waxy Oil Pipe-Line, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 54 (2015), 16, pp. 4455-4459
- Guo, C., et al., Analysis of 2-D Flow and Heat Transfer Modelling in Fracture of Porous Media, Journal of Thermal Science, 26 (2017), 4, pp. 331-338
- Robustillo, M. D., et al., Assessment of Different Methods to Determine the Total Wax Content of Crude- Oils, Energy Fuels, 26 (2012), 10, pp. 6352-6357
- Wu, H. H., et al., Numerical Simulation on Typical Parts Erosion of the Oil Pressure Pipe-Line, Thermal Science, 17 (2013), 5, pp. 1349-1353
- Akgun, M., et al., Experimental Study on Melting/Solidifification Characteristics of a Paraffifin as PCM, Energy Convers Manage, 48 (2007), 2, pp. 669-678
- Wang, M., Yu, et al., Numerical Investigation of Melting of the Waxy Crude Oil in an Oil Tank, Applied Thermal Engineering., 115 (2017), Mar., pp. 81-90
- Yu, G. J., et al., Further Study on the Thermal Characteristic of a Buried Waxy Crude Oil Pipe-Line during Its Cooling Process after Shutdown, Numerical Heat Transfer Part A: Applications, 71 (2017), 2, pp. 137-152
- Lu, T., Jiang, P. X., Heat Transfer Model and Numerical Simulation of Temperature Decreasing and Oil Solidifying of Buried Crude Pipe-Line during Shutdown, Journal of Thermal Science and Technology, 4 (2005), Sept., pp. 298-303
- Lu, T., Wang, K. S., Numerical Analysis of the Heat Transfer Associated with Freezing/Solidifying Phase Changes for a Pipe-Line Filled with Crude-Oil in Soil Saturated with Water during Pipe-Line Shutdown in Winter, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 62 (2008), 1-2, pp. 52-58
- Vinay, G., et al., Numerical Simulation of Non-Isothermal Viscoplastic Waxy Crude-Oil Flows, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 128 (2005), 2-3, pp. 144-162
- Ahmadpour, A., et al., The Effect of a Variable Plastic Viscosity on the Restart Problem of Pipe-Lines Filled with Gelled Waxy Crude-Oils, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 205 (2014), Mar., pp. 16-27
- Pedersen, K. S., Ronningsen, H. P., Influence of Wax Inhibitors in Wax Appearance Temperature, Pour Point, and Viscosity of Waxy Crude-Oils, Energy Fuels, 17 (2003), 2, pp. 321-328
- Xu, Y., et al., Effects of Crude-Oil's Variable Physical Properties on Temperature Distribution in a Shutdown Pipe-Line, Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 9 (2017), 5, pp. 1-9
- Kane, M., Morphology of Paraffin Crystals in Waxy Crude-oils Cooled in Quiescent Conditions and Under Flow, Fuel, 82 (2003), 2, pp.127-135
- Letoffe, J. M., et al., Crude-Oils: Characterization of Waxes Precipitated on Cooling by Dsc and Thermomicroscopy, Fuel, 74 (1995), 6, pp. 810-817