ABSTRACT
The purpose of Thermal Comfort is to specify the combinations of indoor space environment and personal factors that will produce thermal environment conditions acceptable to 80% or more of the occupants within a space. Naturally ventilated indoors has a very complex air movement, which depends on numerous variables such as: outdoor interaction, intensity of infiltration, the number of openings, the thermal inertia of walls, occupant behaviors, etc. The most important mechanism for naturally ventilated indoors is the intensity of infiltration and thermal buoyancy mechanism. In this study the objective was to determine indicators of thermal comfort for children, by the CFD model based on experimental measurements with modification on turbulent and radiant heat transfer mathematical model. The case study was selected on school children aged 8 and 9 years in primary school „France Prešern“, Belgrade. The purpose was to evaluate the relationships between the indoor environment and the subjective responses. Also there was analysis of infiltration and stack effect based on meterological data on site. The main parameters that were investigated are: operative temperature, radiant temperature, concentration of CO2 and air velocity. The new correction of turbulence and radiative heat transfer models has been validated by comparison with experimental data using additional statistical indicators. It was found that both turbulence model correct and the new radiative model of nontransparent media have a significant influence on CFD data set accuracy.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2015-04-14
PAPER REVISED: 2015-09-02
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2015-10-15
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2015-11-15
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR
2016, VOLUME
20, ISSUE
Supplement 1, PAGES [S287 - S296]
- S. Karjalainen,Thermal comfort and gender: a literature review,Indoor Air, (2012), pp. 96-109.
- CJK Henry, S. Dyer, A. Gazing - Choueiri, New equations to estimate basal metabolic rate in children aged 10 - 15 years, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 53 (1999), pp. 134-143.
- P. O. Fanger, N. K. Christensen,Perception of draught in ventilated spaces,Ergonomics, 29(1986), 2, pp. 215-235.
- SRPS EN ISO 7730:2008, Ergonomics of thermal environment - Determination of PMV and PPD indices of the conditions for thermal comfort.
- RobertSiegel, John R. Howel, ThermalRadiationHeatTransfer,Taylor & Francis Inc.,(4th Edition), 2002, ISBN-13: 978-1-56032-839-1, ISBN: 1-56032-839-8
- Fredrik Lindberg, BjörnHolmer and Sofia Thorsson, SOLWEIG 1.0 - Modelling spatial variations of 3D radiant fluxes and mean radiant temperature in complex urban settings, International Journal of Biometeorology, 52 (2008), pp. 697-713.
- ***, The IMMERSOL model of Radiative Heat Transfer", PHOENICS On-Line Information System, www.cham.co.uk
- Joseph C. Chang, Steven R. Hanna, ZaferBoybeyi and Pasquale Franzese,Use of Salt Lake City URBAN 2000 Field Data to Evaluate the Urban Hazard Prediction Assessment Capability (HPAC) Dispersion Model,Journal of Applied Meteorology, 44 (2005), pp. 485-501.
- *** VDI Guideline on Environmental meteorology - Prognostic micro-scale wind field models - Evaluation for flow around buildings and obstacles, VDI 3783 Blatt 9, (2005).