THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Ana Vranješ

,

Dejan Milenić

,

Petar B. Dokmanović

GEOTHERMAL CONCEPT FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT IMPROVEMENT OF SPACE HEATING AND COOLING IN HIGHLY URBANIZED AREA

ABSTRACT
New Belgrade is a highly urbanized commercial and residential district of Belgrade lying on the alluvial plane of the Sava and the Danube rivers. The groundwater of the area is a geothermal resource that is usable through geothermal heat pumps (GHP). The research has shown that the “heat island effect” affects part of the alluvial groundwater with the average groundwater temperature of about 15.5°C, i.e. 2°C higher than the one in less urbanized surroundings. Based on the measured groundwater temperatures as well as the appraisal of the sustainable aquifer yield, the available thermal power of the resource is estimated to about 29MWt. The increasing urbanization trend of the New Belgrade district implies the growing energy demands that may partly be met by the available groundwater thermal power. Taking into consideration the average apartment consumption of 80 Wm-2, it is possible to heat about 360,000 m2 and with the consumption efficiency of 50 Wm-2, it would be possible to heat over 570,000 m2. Environmental and financial aspects were considered through the substitution of conventional fuels and the reduction of greenhouse gas emission as well as through the optimization of the resource use.
KEYWORDS
geothermal energy, geothermal heat pump, heat island effect, space heating and cooling, New Belgrade
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2014-08-18
PAPER REVISED: 2014-08-27
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2014-11-24
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2014-11-27
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI140818132V
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2015, VOLUME 19, ISSUE Issue 3, PAGES [857 - 864]
REFERENCES
  1. Van Steen, H., Energy: the EU and the World-WREC 2011, Opening speech, World Renewable Energy Congress 2011, Linkoping, Sweden, 2011
  2. Santamouris, M., Energy in building and citizenship, Proceedings of 38. International Congress on heating, cooling and climatisation, Eds. B. Todorovic, Belgrade, Serbia, 2007, pp 13-26
  3. Conti, J., et al., International energy outlook 2013 with projections to 2040, Report, U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Analysis, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, U.S., 2013
  4. Cukovic Ignjatovic , N., The issue of the treatment of the facade shield in a contemporary approach to buildings' adaptation, Master's thesis, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, 2009
  5. Vukumirovic, D., et al., Dwellings by the type of energy raw material used for heating, Data by municipalities/cities, Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, 2011
  6. A group of authors, The report on business operations for I-XII, 2011, Report, Public utility company "Belgrade power stations", Belgrade, 2011
  7. Gvozdenov, S., Statistical Almanac of Belgrade 2012, The institute for informatics and statistics, Belgrade, Serbia, 2013
  8. Milenic, D., et al, Hydrogeological characteristics and possibilities of renewable hydrogeothermal recourses utilisation at the territory of Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Dept. of Hydrogeology,Belgrade, Serbia, 2006
  9. Vranjes, A., Hydrogeothermal resources of the Belgrade city area, Ph. D. thesis, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, 2012
  10. Jauregui et al., Bioclimatic conditions in Mexico City - an assessment, International Journal of Biometeorology, 40 (1997), 3, pp. 166-177
  11. Epting, J., Huggenberger, P., Unraveling the heat island effect observed in urban groundwater bodies - Definition of a potential natural state, Journal of Hydrology, 501 (2013), pp.193-204
  12. Yalcin, T., Yetemen, O., Local warming of groundwaters caused by the urban heat island effect in Istanbul, Turkey, Hydrogeology Journal, 17, (2009), pp. 1247-1255
  13. Zhu, K., et al., The geothermal potential of urban heat islands, Environmental Research Letters, 5 (2010),4, pp.6
  14. Allen, R., Milenic, D., Low-enthalpy geothermal energy resources from groundwater in fluvioglacial gravels of buried valleys, Applied Energy, 74,1-2 (2003), pp. 9-19
  15. Lund, J., FreestonH., World-wide Direct Uses of Geothermal Energy 2000, Geothermics, 30 (2001), 1, pp. 29-68
  16. Group of authors, The strategy of energetic development of the City of Belgrade, Energoprojekt-ENTEL, Belgrade, Serbia, 2008
  17. Milenic, D., et al., Criteria for use of groundwater as renewable energy source in geotermal heat pump systems for building heating/cooling purposes, Energy and Buildings, 42 (2010), 5, pp. 649-657
  18. Dokmanovic, P., et al., Hydrogeothermal resources in spa areas of Serbia, Main Properties and Possible Improvement of Use, Thermal Science, 16 (2012), 1, pp. 21-30
  19. Banks, D., Thermological assessment of open-loop well-doublet schemes: a review and synthesis of analytical approaches, Hydrogeology Journal, 17 (2009), 5, pp. 1149-1155
  20. Milenic, D.,Vranjes, A., Utilisation of hydrogeothermal energy by use of heat pumps in Serbia - current state and perspectives, Proceedings of the World Renewable Energy Congress, Linköping, Sweden, 2011, pp. 1265-1272
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
Geothermal concept for energy efficient improvement of space heating and cooling in highly urbanized area

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence