The study investigates the impact of external shading devices on the energy consumption of an existing building in hot desert climate. Utilizing EnergyPlus and OpenStudio simulation software, an in-depth analysis was conducted on a two-story rectangular building, with meticulously collected onsite weather data ensuring accurate simulation inputs. A total of six shading configurations were examined to ascertain their role in minimizing energy consumption over different periods of the year. The results revealed that all examined shading devices led to some level of reduction in annual energy consumption, with the egg crate type shading device (SD-6) achieving the highest reduction in annual energy consumption by 0.9% and cooling load by 1.38 %. Additionally, the study highlights the significant role of site-specific factors, such as the presence of adjacent buildings, which can influence overall energy performance. In this case, a nearby taller building cast a shadow over the study building, thereby reducing the cooling load during peak hours and impacting the building's energy performance. The research's comprehensive approach, which includes analysis over different timeframes, demonstrates the effectiveness of shading devices as passive design strategies for reducing energy consumption and emphasizes the necessity of incorporating local climatic conditions and urban environments into building designs. This comprehensive approach is vital in achieving optimal energy efficiency in buildings located in hot climates.