THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Ibrahim Mahariq

,

Saeed Islam

,

Arshad Syed Abas

,

Ishtiaq Ali

,

Mehreen Fiza

,

Hakeem Ullah

,

Ali Akgul

THERMAL DYNAMICS OF TERNARY HYBRID MICROPOLAR MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS NANOFLUID-FLOW WITH ACTIVATION ENERGY OVER A HEATED CURVED SURFACE

ABSTRACT
Ternary nanoparticles significantly enhance the performance of electrical components, including lubricants, radiators, and cooling systems. This study investigates heat transfer in a 2-D micropolar ternary hybrid nanofluid-flow (copper, alumina, silver in water) over a stretched curved surface. It accounts for micropolarity, thermophoresis, Brownian motion, thermal radiation, heat source, activation energy, and specific boundary conditions. The governing PDE are reduced to non-linear ODEs using similarity transformations. Results show that ternary nanofluids outperform hybrid ones in thermal efficiency, benefiting applications like heat exchangers. Velocity decreases along the x-axis due to material and magnetic effects, but increases in the secondary direction. A higher heat source reduces the Nusselt number, while radiation enhances both temperature and Nusselt number. Magnetic fields raise skin friction, and activation energy with thermophoresis increases concentration, which is reduced by Brownian motion. Flow characteristics are illustrated through figures and tables to highlight these physical effects.
KEYWORDS
micropolar flow, thermophoresis and Brownian motioncurved surface, activation energy, thermal radiation
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2025-02-02
PAPER REVISED: 2025-05-11
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2025-07-19
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2025-09-26
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI2504149M
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2025, VOLUME 29, ISSUE Issue 4, PAGES [3149 - 3165]
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Thermal dynamics of ternary hybrid micropolar magnetohydrodynamics nanofluid-flow with activation energy over a heated curved surface

2025 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence