THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

External Links

OPTICAL INVESTIGATION OF LOW TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION AND SOOT EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF BIODIESEL/N-PENTANOL ENGINE

ABSTRACT
Biodiesel/n-pentanol blend fuels have been regarded as the attractive alternatives for the utilization of Diesel engines. However, the fundamental studies of low temperature combustion and soot formation characteristics of biodiesel/n-pentanol blend fuels in diesel engines are still scarce. The low temperature combustion and soot emission characteristics of pure waste cooking oil biodiesel (B100) and 70% waste cooking oil biodiesel/30% n-pentanol blend (B70P30) were experimentally studied in an optical engine in the present study. Results reveal that B70P30 has longer ignition delays than B100 at low exhaust gas re-circulation rate, but the ignition delays of B70P30 become similar or even shorter when the exhaust gas re-circulation rate is over 12%. Adding n-pentanol into biodiesel increases the in-cylinder combustion pressure peak and maximum pressure rise rate. In addition, the delay in the appearance of ignition kernels and two-color images are observed for B70P30 fuel. In the initial stage of fuel combustion, B70P30 has less ignition kernels and lower soot KL factor distribution area. In the middle and late stages of combustion, flame area of B70P30 is small and flame brightness is weaker. Also, at the end of combustion, the two-color images of B70P30 show that the soot KL factor distribution around the periphery of the chamber is decreasing at a higher rate compare to B100.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2024-04-22
PAPER REVISED: 2024-05-19
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2024-05-23
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2024-08-18
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI240422179L
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2024, VOLUME 28, ISSUE Issue 5, PAGES [3995 - 4010]
REFERENCES
  1. Paykani, A., et al., Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine: Pathways Towards Commercial Viability, Applied Energy, 282 (2021), 116174
  2. Huang, H. Z., et al., Comparative Study of Effects of Pilot Injection and Fuel Properties on Low Temperature Combustion in Diesel Engine under a Medium EGR Rate, Applied Energy, 179 (2016), Oct., pp. 1194-1208
  3. Zheng, Z. Q., et al., Experimental Study on the Combustion and Emissions Fueling Biodiesel/N-Buta­nol, Biodiesel/Ethanol and Biodiesel/2,5-Dimethylfuran on a Diesel Engine, Energy, 115 (2016), Part 1, pp. 539-549
  4. Liang, J., et al., The Effects of EGR Rates and Ternary Blends of Biodiesel/n-Pentanol/Diesel on the Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a CRDI Diesel Engine, Fuel, 286 (2021), 119297
  5. Li, F., et al., Comparison of Macroscopic Spray Characteristics between Biodiesel-Pentanol Blends and Diesel, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 98 (2018), Nov., pp. 523-533
  6. Thiyagarajana, S., et al., Effect of Manifold Injection of Methanol/N-Pentanol in Safflower Biodiesel Fuelled CI Engine, Fuel, 261 (2020), 116378
  7. Niculescu, R., et al., Review on the Use of Diesel-Biodiesel-Alcohol Blends in Compression Ignition Engines, Energies, 12 (2019), 1194
  8. Babu, D., Anand R., Effect of Biodiesel-Diesel-N-Pentanol and Biodiesel-Diesel-Nhexanol Blends on Diesel Engine Emission and Combustion Characteristics, Energy, 133 (2017), 15, pp. 761-776
  9. Yilmaz, N., Atmanli A., Experimental Assessment of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Diesel-Biodiesel-1-Pen­tanol Blends, Fuel, 191 (2017), Mar., pp. 190-197
  10. Coughlin, B., Hoxie A., Combustion Characteristics of Ternary Fuel Blends: Pentanol, Butanol and Veg­etable Oil, Fuel, 196 (2017), May, pp. 488-496
  11. Zhang, Z. H., Balasubramanian, R., Investigation of Particulate Emission Characteristics of a Diesel En­gine Fueled with Higher Alcohols/Biodiesel Blends, Applied Energy, 163 (2016), Feb., pp. 71-80
  12. Zhu, L., et al., Combustion, Gaseous and Particulate Emission of a Diesel Engine Fueled with n-Penta­nol (C5 Alcohol) Blended with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel, Applied Thermal Engineering, 5 (2016), June, pp. 73-79
  13. Yilmaz, N., et al., Performance of Biodiesel/Higher Alcohols Blends in a Diesel Engine, International Journal Energy Research, 40 (2016), 8, pp. 1134-1143
  14. Yilmaz, N., et al., Influence of 1-Pentanol Additive on the Performance of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Waste Oil Methyl Ester and Diesel Fuel, Fuel, 207 (2017), Nov., pp. 461-469
  15. Yang, K., et al., The Effect of Pentanol Addition on the Particulate Emission Characteristics of a Biodiesel Operated Diesel Engine, Fuel, 209 (2017), Dec., pp. 132-140
  16. Ashok, B., et al., An Experimental Analysis on the Effect of n-Pentanol-Calophyllum Inophyllum Bio­diesel Binary Blends in CI engine Characteristcis, Energy, 173 (2019), Apr., pp. 290-305
  17. Ma, Y., et al., Experimental Investigation on the Effect of N-Pentanol Blending on Spray, Ignition and Combustion Characteristics of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel, Energy Conversion and Management, 148 (2017), Sept., pp. 440-455
  18. Imdadul, H. K., et al., A Comparative Study of C4 and C5 Alcohol Treated Diesel-Biodiesel Blends in Terms of Diesel Engine Performance and Exhaust Emission, Fuel, 179 (2016), Sept., pp. 281-288
  19. Imdadul, H. K., et al., Higher Alcohol-Biodiesel-Diesel Blends: An Approach for Improving the Perfor­mance, Emission, and Combustion of a Light-Duty Diesel Engine, Energy Conversion and Management, 111 (2016), Mar., pp. 174-185
  20. Atmanli, A., Comparative Analyses of Diesel-Waste Oil Biodiesel and Propanol, n-Butanol or 1-Pentanol Blends in a Diesel Engine, Fuel, 176 (2016), 15, pp. 209-215
  21. Dhanasekaran, R., et al., A Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Fueling Approach for Direct-Injection Diesel Engines Using Restaurant Yellow Grease and n-Pentanol in Blends with Diesel Fuel, Fuel, 1 (2017), 193, pp. 419-431
  22. Huang, H., et al., Assessment of n-Pentanol Additive and EGR rates Effects on Spray Characteristics, Energy Distribution and Engine Performance, Energy Conversion and Management, 202 (2019), 112210
  23. Zhang, W., et al., Properties and Oxidation of in-Cylinder Soot Associated with Exhaust Gas Re-Circu­lation (EGR) in Diesel Engines, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 38 (2020), 1, pp. 1319-1326
  24. Sarathy, S. M., et al., Alcohol Combustion Chemistry, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 44 (2014), Oct., pp. 40-102
  25. Liu, H. F., et al., Comparison of Ethanol and Butanol as Additives in Soybean Biodiesel Using a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber, Energy and Fuels, 25 (2011), 4, pp. 1837-1846
  26. Yang, C., et al., Experimental Study On The Interactions of Wall Temperature and Impingement Distances and Their Effects on the Impinged Diesel Spray Ignition and Combustion Characteristics, Applied Ther­mal Engineering, 230 (2023), 120670
  27. Zhao, H., Ladommatos, N., Optical Diagnostics for Soot and Temperature Measurement in Diesel En­gines, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 24 (1998), 3, pp. 221-255
  28. Payri, R., et al., Measurement of Soot Concentration in a Prototype Multi-Hole Diesel Injector by High-Speed Color Diffused Back Illumination Technique, SAE Technical Paper, 2017-01-2255, 2017
  29. Li, W. F., et al., Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Effects of Atomic, Diatomic and Polyatomic Inert Gases in Air and EGR on Mixture Properties, Combustion, Thermal Efficiency and NOx Emissions of a Pilot-Ignited NG engine, Energy Conversion and Management, 105 (2015), Nov., pp. 1082-1095
  30. Huang, H. Z., et al., An Experimental Study on the Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine under Low Temperature Combustion of Diesel/Gasoline/n-Butanol Blends, Applied Energy, 170 (2016), May, pp. 219-231
  31. Payri, F., et al., Contribution the Application of Two-Color Imaging to Diesel Combustion, Measurement Science and Technology, 18 (2007), 2579
  32. Liu, F., et al., Numerical and Experimental Study of the Influence of CO2 and N2 Dilution on Soot Forma­tion in Laminar Coflow C2H4/Air Diffusion Flames at Pressures Between 5 and 20 ATM, Combustion and Flame, 162 (2015), 5, pp. 2231-2247
  33. Zhang, Q. C., et al., Experimental and Simulation on Diesel Low Temperature Combustion of Charge Compositions, Transactions of CSICE, 29 (2011), 6, pp. 481-488
  34. Feng, Z. H., et al., Experimental Investigation on Spray and Atomization Characteristics of Diesel-Gas­oline-Ethanol Blends in High Pressure Common Rail Injection System, Energy, 112 (2016), Oct., pp. 549-561
  35. Nabi, M. N., Hustad, J. E., Influence of Oxygenates on Fine Particle and Regulated Emissions from a Diesel Engine, Fuel, 93 (2012), Mar., pp. 181-188
  36. Tan, P. Q., et al., Particle Number and Size Distribution from a Diesel Engine with Jatropha Biodiesel Fuel, SAE Technical Paper, 2009-01-2726, 2009.

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence