THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

External Links

KEY TECHNOLOGIES OF TWO-PHASE PULSE DETONATION COMBUSTOR

ABSTRACT
The pulse detonation combustor is a new type of power device based on periodic high temperature and high pressure gas generated by detonation combustion as thrust. Due to its extremely fast heat release rate, detonation combustion has the characteristics of high thermal efficiency, low fuel consumption and low pollutant emissions. In recent years, relevant institutions have conducted extensive research on pulse detonation combustors. However, most research results focus on single studies where the fuel and oxidant are in the gas phase. Based on the vision of engineering application of pulse detonation combustors, the research progress of two key pulse detonation technologies, fuel atomization blending technology and rapid short distance low resistance detonation technology, as well as the research status of two-phase pulse detonation combustion based on kerosene are introduced. Regarding fuel atomization and blending technology, this paper mainly introduces the fuel atomization mechanism of two phase detonation, fuel atomization technology and oil and gas blending technology. Regarding rapid short distance low resistance detonation technology, it mainly introduces obstacle assisted detonation technology, spark plug ignition technology, hot jet ignition technology, pre-detonation tube ignition technology, shock wave focusing detonation technology and plasma ignition technology.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2023-11-13
PAPER REVISED: 2024-02-15
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2024-03-04
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2024-05-18
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI231113111Y
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2024, VOLUME 28, ISSUE Issue 5, PAGES [3921 - 3936]
REFERENCES
  1. Roy, G. D., et al., Pulse Detonation Propulsion: Challenges, Current Status, and Future Perspective, Prog­ress in Energy and Combustion Science, 30 (2004), 6, pp. 545-672
  2. Wolanski, P., Detonative Propulsion, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 34 (2013), 1, pp. 125-158
  3. Liu, J., et al., Effects of Detonation Initial Conditions on Performance of Pulse Detonation Chamber-Ax­ial Turbine Combined System, Energy, 278 (2023), 127765
  4. Kailasanath, K., Review of Propulsion Applications of Detonation Waves, AIAA Journal, 38 (2000), 9, pp. 1698-1708
  5. Zheng, L., et al., Research Progress on Pulse Detonation Turbine Engine, Journal of Aerospace Power, 29 (2014), 05, pp. 993-1000
  6. Fan, W., et al., Progress in the Basic Application issues of the Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine, Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 33 (2019), 01, pp. 1-13
  7. Gamezo, V, N., et al., Numerical Simulations of Flame Propagation and DDT in Obstructed Channels Filled with Hydrogen-Air Mixture, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 31 (2007), 2, pp. 2463-2471
  8. Jackson, S. I., Shepherd, J. E., Toroidal Imploding Detonation Wave Initiator for Pulse Detonation En­gines, AIAA Journal, 45 (2007), 1, pp. 257-270
  9. Goodwin, G. B., et al., Shock Transition Detonation in Channels with Obstacles, Proceedings of the Com­bustion Institute, 36 (2017), 2, pp. 2717-2724
  10. Na'inna, A. M., et al., Effects of Obstacle Separation Distance on Gas Explosions: The Influence of Ob­stacle Blockage Ratio, Procedia Engineering, 84 (2014), Nov., pp. 306-319
  11. Peng, H., et al., Effects of Jet in Crossflow on Flame Acceleration and Deflagration Detonation Transition in Methane-Oxygen Mixture, Combustion and Flame, 198 (2018), Dec., pp. 69-80
  12. Dabora, E. K., et al., Drop-Size Effects in Spray Detonations, Symposium (International) on Combustion, 12 (1969), 1, pp. 19-26
  13. Kailasanath, K., Liquid-Fueled Detonations in Tubes, Journal of Propulsion and Power, 22 (2006), 6, pp. 1261-1268
  14. Dabora, E. K., A Model for Spray Detonations, Gasdynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems, Perga­mon, Press, Oxford, UK, 1980, pp. 269-280
  15. Cheatham, S., Kailasanath, K., Numerical Modelling of Liquid-Fuelled Detonations in Tubes, Combus­tion Theory and Modelling, 9 (2005), 1, pp. 23-48
  16. Dabora, E. K., Weinberger, L. P., Present Status of Detonations in Two-Phase Systems, Acta Astronautica, 1 (1974), 3-4, pp. 361-372
  17. Jourdaine, N., et al., Investigation of Liquid n-Heptane/Air Spray Detonation with an Eulerian-Eulerian Model, Combustion and Flame, 244 (2022), 112278
  18. Jiang, R., Research on Working Process of Pulse Detonation Engine, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China, 2010
  19. Jiang, T., Investigation of Atomization, Mixing and Evaporation on Two-Phase Detonation in Pulse Deto­nation Engine, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China, 2017
  20. Williams, F. A., Structure of Detonations in Dilute Sprays, The Physics of Fluids, 4 (1961), 11, pp. 1434-1443
  21. Webber, W. T., Spray Combustion in the Presence of a Travelling Wave, Symposium (International) on Combustion, 8 (1961), 1, pp. 1129-1140
  22. Cramer, F. B., The Onset of Detonation in a Droplet Combustion Field, Symposium (International) on Combustion, 9 (1963), 1, pp. 482-487
  23. Ragland, K. W., et al., Observed Structure of Spray Detonations, The Physics of Fluids, 11 (1968), 11, pp. 2377-2388
  24. Dabora, E. K., et al., Drop-Size Effects in Spray Detonations, Symposium (International) on Combustion, 12 (1969), 1, pp. 19-26
  25. Borisov, A. A., et al., Detonation Reaction Zone in Two-Phase Mixtures, Combustion, Explosion and Shock Waves, 6 (1970), 3, pp. 327-336
  26. Gubin, S. A., Sichel, M., Calculation of the Detonation Velocity of A Mixture of Liquid Fuel Droplets and a Gaseous Oxidizer, Combustion Science and Technology, 17 (1977), 3-4, pp. 109-117
  27. Bowen, J. R., et al., Heterogeneous Detonation Supported by Fuel Fogs or Films, Symposium (Interna­tional) on Combustion, 13 (1971), 1, pp. 1131-1139
  28. Cheatham, S., Kailasanath, K., Multi-Phase Detonations in Pulse Detonation Engines, Proceedings, 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, Nev., USA, 2004, Vol. 306
  29. Cheatham, S., Kailasanath, K., Numerical Simulations of Multi-Phase Detonations in a Shock Tube, Pro­ceedings, 41st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, Nev., USA, 2013, Vol. 1315
  30. Brophy, C., et al., Detonation Studies of JP-10 with Oxygen and Air for Pulse Detonation Engine Devel­opment, Proceedings, 34th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Cleve­land, O., USA, 1998, Vol. 4003
  31. Nabity, J., Daily, J., A MEMS Fuel Atomizer for Advanced Engines, Proceedings, CANEUS 2004 Con­ference on Micro-NanoTechnologies, Monterey, Cal., USA, 2004, Vol. 6711
  32. Nabity, J., et al., Electrostatically Actuated Fuel Atomizer Design for the Pulse Detonation Engine, Pro­ceedings, 39th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Huntsville, Ala., USA, 2003, Vol. 4821
  33. Wang, Z., et al., Injection, Mixing and Atomization Effects on Two-Phase Pulse Detonation Engines, Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 11 (2005), 11, pp. 1306-1309
  34. Wang, Z., et al., Droplet Size Effect on Detonation Velocity of Two-Phase Pulse Detonation Engine, Jour­nal of Engineering Thermophysics, 27 (2006), 06, pp. 1057-1059
  35. Wang, Z., et al., Experimental Study of Atomization Effects on Two-Phase Pulse Detonation Engines, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers - Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 223 (2009), 6, pp. 721-728
  36. Zhang, Q., et al., Experimental Study of Fuel Atomization at the Head of a Two-Phase Pulse Detonation Engine, Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 26 (2006), 10, pp. 1217-1220
  37. Zhang, H., Research on Atomization System of Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine, Northwestern Polytech­nical University, Xi'an, China, 2007
  38. Tan, W., et al., Experimental Investigations on Detonation Initiation Characteristics of a Liquid-Fueled Pulse Detonation Combustor at Different Inlet Air Temperatures, Energies, 15 (2022), 23, 9102
  39. Tan, W., et al., Experiment on Combustion Characteristics of U⁃Bend Pulse Detonation Combustor under High Temperature Inlet Stream, Journal of Aerospace Power, 37 (2022), 3, pp. 502⁃510
  40. Jiang, R., Wu, X., NumericaI Simulation of Injection and Mixing on Two-Phase for Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of System Simulation, 21 (2009), 15, pp. 4912-4915
  41. Zheng, M., Research on Fuel Atomization and Nozzle Design of Pulse Detonation Engine, Nanjing Uni­versity of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China, 2012
  42. Chen, J., et al., Research on Air-Assisted Atomization Mechanism in Pulse Detonation Engines, Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics, 32 (2017), 01, pp. 25-31
  43. Wu, Y., et al., Effects of an Acoustic Atomizer Upon Liquid-Fueled Detonation Initiations in a Detonation Tube, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 109 (2019), 109863
  44. Wang, Z., et al., Numerical Simulation of Mixing on Two-Phase Pulse Detonation Engine, Machinery Design and Manufacture, 27 (2006), 10, pp. 103-105
  45. Gong, J., Ma, H., Experimental Study on Pulse Detonation Engine with Two-Phase Inhomogeneous Mix­ture, International Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2020 (2020), 4, pp. 1-11
  46. Jiang, T., Weng, C., Effect of Atomization and Mixtion on Detonation Process of Gas-Droplet Two-Phase Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 37 (2013), 05, pp. 692-698.
  47. Jiang, T., Weng, C., Simulation of the Effects of Venturi on Gas-Droplets Two-Phase Pulse Detonation Engine, Engineering Mechanics, 31 (2014), 01, pp. 229-235
  48. Guo, Y., Numerical Study on Fuel Atomization and Blending Process of Pulse Detonation Engine, Nan­jing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China, 2011
  49. Shchelkin, K., Initiation of Detonation in Gases in Rough Tubes, Technical Physics, 17 (1947), 5, 613
  50. Sorin, R,. et al., Optimization of the Deflagration Detonation Transition: Reduction of Length and Time of Transition, Shock Waves, 15 (2006), Mar., pp. 137-145
  51. Kessler, D. A., et al., Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deflagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems, Combustion and Flame, 157 (2010), 11, pp. 2063-2077
  52. Zhang, Y., et al., Impulse of Cyclic Air-Breathing Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Propulsion Tech­nology, 27 (2006), 05, pp. 459-462+468
  53. Li, J., et al., Experimental Investigation on Kerosene/Air Pneumatic Valve Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Aerospace Power, (2005), 05, pp. 802-806
  54. Wang, Z., et al., The Comparative Study of Detonation Initiation Performance of Three Successive Igni­tions and Obsticles, Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 35 (2017), 02, pp. 240-245
  55. Lee, S. Y., et al., Deflagration Detonation Transition Processes by Turbulence-Generating Obstacles in Pulse Detonation Engines, Journal of Propulsion and Power, 20 (2004), 6, pp. 1026-1036
  56. Wang, Y., et al., Study on Effect of Obstacle Shapes on Filling Process in Pulse Detonation Rocket En­gine, Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 38 (2020), 04, pp. 784-791
  57. Wang, Y., et al., Experimental Study on Effects of Obstacles on Performance of Pulse Detonation Rocket Engines, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 42 (2021), 04, pp. 834-841
  58. Deng, J., et al., NumericaI Simulation of Effect of Obstacles on Pulse Detonation Engine Performances, Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 30 (2009), 04, pp. 614-621
  59. Cooper, M., et al., Direct Experimental Impulse Measurements for Detonations and Deflagrations, Jour­nal of Propulsion and Power, 18 (2002), 5, pp. 1033-1041
  60. McGarry, J. P., Ahmed, K. A., Flame-Turbulence Interaction of Laminar Premixed Deflagrated Flames, Combustion and Flame, 176 (2017), Feb., pp. 439-450
  61. Chambers, J., Ahmed, K., Turbulent Flame Augmentation Using A Fluidic Jet For Deflagration-to-Deto­nation, Fuel, 199 (2017), July, pp. 616-626
  62. Zhao, S., et al., Effects of a Jet Turbulator Upon Flame Acceleration in a Detonation Tube, Applied Ther­mal Engineering, 115 (2017), Mar., pp. 33-40
  63. Wang, Y., et al., Experimental Study for Effects of Fluidic Obstacles on Detonation Initiation Perfor­mance, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 38 (2017), 03, pp. 646-652
  64. Fan, W., et al., Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Ignition Energy on Pressures in a Pulse Deto­nation Combustor, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 38 (2002), 03, pp. 198-201
  65. Wang, Z., et al., Experiment on the Effect of Ignition Energy in Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 30 (2009), 02, pp. 224-228
  66. Li, M., et al., Experimental Analysis on Cycle Processes of Two-Phase Valveless Pulse Detonation En­gine, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 30 (2007), 01, pp. 97-102
  67. Wang, Z., et al. Ignition-Detonation Performance of Pulse Detonation Engines, Journal of Combustion Science and Technology, 15 (2009), 05, pp. 412-416
  68. Wang, Z., et al., Experimental Study of Ignition and Detonation Initiation in Two-Phase Valveless Pulse Detonation Engines, Combustion Science and Technology, 181 (2009), 10, pp. 1310-1325
  69. Yu, J., et al., Experimental Investigation on Effects of Flame Jet Ignition on Deflagration Detonation Transition in Tube, Journal of Aerospace Power, 26 (2011), 05, pp. 1043-1047
  70. Li, M., Yan, C., Hot Jet Initiation of Detonation in Serial Detonation Chambers, Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 23 (2009), 04, pp. 92-97
  71. Ishii, K., et al., Effects of Flame Jet Configurations on Detonation Initiation, Proceedings, Shock Waves, Monterey, Cal., USA, 2009, pp. 239-244
  72. Thomas, G., Jones, A., Some Observations of the Jet Initiation of Detonation, Combustion and Flame, 120 (2000), 3, pp. 392-398
  73. Zhao, W., et al., Experimental Investigation on Detonation Initiation with a Transversal Flame Jet, Com­bustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 49 (2013), 2, pp. 171-177
  74. Li, M., Yan, C., Ignition Method for Liquid-Fueled Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Propulsion Tech­nology, 30 (2009), 06, pp. 709-716
  75. Zhao, W., et al., Effects of Hot Jet Ignition on Flame Propagation Characteristics in Multi-Cycle Detona­tion Tube, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 36 (2015), 12, pp. 1846-1851
  76. Tan, W., et al., Experimental Investigation on Ignition and Detonation Characteristics of U-Bend Pulse Detonation Combustor, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 43 (2022), 01, pp. 173-180
  77. Cheng, X., et al., Numerical Research of Effect of Pre-Detonator Installment Mode on Detonation Initia­tion Characteristics, Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 31 (2013), 05, pp. 737-741
  78. Zhang, Y., et al., Experimental Investigation on PDE Prototype with Initiator, Acta Aeronautica et Astro­nautica Sinica, 30 (2009), 03, pp. 391-396
  79. Zhang, Y., et al., Numerical Investigation on Diffraction Characteristics of Detonation Wave from Pre-Detonator, Journal of Aerospace Power, 25 (2010), 02, pp. 251-257
  80. Gross, R. A., A Study of Supersonic Combustion, Journal of the Aerospace Sciences, 27 (1960), 7, pp. 517-524
  81. Li, Z, et al., Investigation for Initiation Process of Supersonic Oblique Detonation Engine, Journal of Rocket Propulsion, 39 (2013), 3, pp. 1-8
  82. Li, C., Kailasanath, K., Detonation Initiation by Annular-Jet-Induced Imploding Shocks, Journal of Pro­pulsion and Power, 21 (2005), 1, pp. 183-186
  83. Nicholls, J. A., et al., Intermittent Detonation as a Thrust-Producing Mechanism, Journal of Jet Propul­sion, 27 (1957), 5, pp. 534-541
  84. Kailasanath, K., Liquid-Fueled Detonations in Tubes, Journal of Propulsion and Power, 22 (2006), 6, pp. 1261-1268
  85. Yang, Q., et al., Numerical Simulation on Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Detonation Combustion Induced by Shock Wave Focusing, Journal of Aerospace Power, 29 (2014), 08, pp. 1802-1809
  86. Wang, D., et al., Numerical simulation of Shock Wave Imploding Detonation Initiation in Two-Stage Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Aerospace Power, 32 (2017), 04, pp. 942-948
  87. Cathey, C. D., et al., Nanosecond Plasma Ignition for Improved Performance of an Internal Combustion Engine, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 35 (2007), 6, pp. 1664-1668
  88. Yu, J., et al., Application and Research Status of Plasma Ignition Technology in Pulse Detonation Engine, Aeronautical Science and Technology, 29 (2018), 10, pp. 1-10
  89. Yu, J., et al., Comparative Investigation on Detonation Initiation Process of Transient Plasma Ignition and Spark Ignition, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 34 (2013), 11, pp. 1575-1579
  90. Starikovskiy, A., et al., Plasma-Assisted Ignition and Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition, Philosophi­cal Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 370 (2012), 1960, pp. 740-773
  91. Mu, Y., et al., Numerical Simulation Analysis for Low Temperature Plasma Ignition of Propane/Air, Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 51 (2015), 05, pp. 791-798
  92. Mu, Y., et al., Numerical Simulation for Ion Catalytic Effect in Ignition Process of Pulse Detonation En­gine, Journal of Aerospace Power, 30 (2015), 03, pp. 694-700
  93. Guo, X., et al., Influence of Low Temperature Plasma Discharge Zone Length on Ignition Initiating, Jour­nal of Aerospace Power, 31 (2016), 06, pp. 1343-1350
  94. Li, J., et al., Experimental Investigation on Detonation Initiation by Flame Jet, Journal of Combustion Science and Technology, 15 (2009), 05, pp. 461-465
  95. Schauer, F., et al., Detonation Initiation Studies and Performance Results for Pulsed Detonation En­gine applications, Proceedings, 39th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, Nev., USA, 2001, Vol. 1129
  96. Wang, Y., et al., Experimental Study on Effects of Initial Fuel Temperature on Performance for Two-Phase Detonation, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 42 (2021), 04, pp. 892-897
  97. Jin, L., et al., Effect of Fuel Droplet Size and Injection Temperature on the Performance of Kerosene-Ox­ygen Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine, Atomization and Sprays, 23 (2013), 8
  98. Zheng, H., et al., Eulerian-Lagrangian Modelling Of Deflagration Detonation Transition in n-Decane / Oxygen/Nitrogen Mixtures, Physics of Fluids, 34 (2022), 12
  99. Li, J., et al., Experimental Investigations on Detonation Initiation in a Kerosene-Oxygen Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine, Combustion Science and Technology, 181 (2009), 3, pp. 417-432
  100. Yan, Y., et al., Experimental Investigations on Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine with Various Injectors and Nozzles, Acta Astronautica, 69 (2011), 1-2, pp. 39-47
  101. Ke, W., et al., Operation of A Rotary-Valved Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine Utilizing Liquid Kerosene and Oxygen, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 24 (2011), 6, pp. 726-733
  102. Li, J., et al., Propulsive Performance of a Liquid Kerosene/Oxygen Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 35 (2011), 1, pp. 265-271
  103. Frolov, S. M., Detonation Initiation Techniques for Pulse Detonation Propulsion, Progress in Propulsion Physics, 1 (2009), pp. 321-340
  104. Lv, A., et al., Research on Pulse Detonation Engine Direct Initiation, Journal of Naval Aviation Univer­sity, 23 (2008), 06, pp. 606-610
  105. Zhang, Q., Research on Detonation Initiation by Hot Jet for a PDE with Rotary-Tube Valve, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China, 2012
  106. LI, J., et al., Experimental Investigation on Kerosene/Air Pneumatic Valve Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Aerospace Power, 20 (2005), 05, pp. 802-806
  107. LI, J., et al., Detonation Pressure Properties of Kerosene Aero-Valve Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 26 (2005), 05, pp. 443-447
  108. LI, J., et al., Shock Reflection Detonation Initiation Studies for Kerosene/Air Pulse Detonation Engines, Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 27 (2007), 02, pp. 347-350
  109. LI, J., Wang, J., Investigation on Intensifying Combustion Setting of Kerosene/Air Pulse Detonation En­gine, Journal of Aerospace Power, 27 (2007), 04, pp. 547-553
  110. LI, J., Wang, J., Aerovalves of Kerosene/Air Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 22 (2008), 03, pp. 279-28
  111. LI, J., et al., Investigation on Common Nozzle of Triple-Tube Pulse Detonation Engine with Kerosene/ Air, Journal of Aerospace Power, 36 (2008), 05, pp. 840-844
  112. LI, J., et al., Kerosene/Air Triple-Tube Aero-Valve Pulse Detonation Engine, Acta Aeronautica et Astro­nautica Sinica, 30 (2009), 11, pp. 2052-2058
  113. Huang, Y., et al., Experimental Investigation on Small-Scale Pulse Detonation Engine with Kerosene/Air, Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 30 (2009), 11, pp. 2015-2022
  114. Huang, Y., et al., Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition of Kerosene-Air Mixtures in a Small-Scale Pulse Detonation Engine, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers - Part G: Journal of Aero­space Engineering, 225 (2011), 4, pp. 441-448
  115. Huang, Y., et al., Studies of DDT Enhancement Approaches for Kerosene-Fueled Small-Scale Pulse Det­onation Engines Applications, Shock Waves, 22 (2012), July, pp. 615-625
  116. Zhu, X., et al., Effects of Fuel-Addition Distance and Fuel Ratio on Precombustion and Thermal Cracking in 2-Stage PDE, Journal of Propulsion Technology, 38 (2017), 05, pp. 1073-1083
  117. Wang, Z., et al., Experimental Investigation on a Kerosene/Air Air-Breathing Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 23 (2009), 03, pp. 35-39
  118. Wang, Z., et al., Ignition Method Effect on Detonation Initiation Characteristics in a Pulse Detonation Engine, Applied Thermal Engineering, 93 (2016), Jan., pp. 1-7
  119. Chen, L., et al., Exploring Experimentally Effect of Kerosene Temperature on Performance of Pulse Detonation Engine (PDE), Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 28 (2010), 05, pp. 649-654
  120. Zhang, Q., et al., Exploratory Experimental Investigation of Kerosene/Air Two-Phase Pulse Detonation Engine, Journal of Aerospace Power, 37 (2006), 01, pp. 50-55

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence