THERMAL SCIENCE
International Scientific Journal
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
NUMERICAL STUDY ON OXY-BIOMASS CO-FIRING IN A CEMENT ROTARY KILN
ABSTRACT
Cement manufacturing is among the industries with the highest energy consumption and pollution emissions. Combining oxy-fuel combustion with the technology of co-firing biomass with coal is a promising way to reduce pollutant and carbon emissions. Based on a 6000 t per day cement rotary kiln, the performance of oxy-biomass co-firing technology is investigated by CFD modeling. Cases under different biomass ratios (0%-30%) and O2 concentrations are simulated. Combustion characteristics including temperature field, wall heat flux distribution, NOx emissions, etc. are widely assessed. It is found that biomass co-firing can significantly reduce ignition delay caused by high CO2 concentration during oxy-fuel combustion. A flame distribution similar to the conventional air-fired condition is obtained under conditions of 33% O2 concentration and 10% biomass co-firing ratio. The wall heat transfer is enhanced in oxy-fuel cases. With the increase of biomass co-firing ratio, the wall heat flux tends to be more uniform. Oxy-fuel combustion can effectively reduce NOx emissions and the fuel-N conversion ratio. Biomass co-firing under oxy-fuel conditions can reduce the fuel-N conversion ratio from 10.9% to 8%, but it will lead to a slight increase in NOx emissions from 848 ppm to 899 ppm. It is necessary to control the co-firing amount of biomass to achieve effective combustion and pollutant emission control.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2024-01-19
PAPER REVISED: 2024-05-01
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2024-06-24
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2024-11-23
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR
2024, VOLUME
28, ISSUE
Issue 5, PAGES [4407 - 4419]
- Koring, K., et al., Deployment of CCS in the Cement Industry, IEA Technical Report 2013, 19, IEAGHG, Cheltenham, UK, 2013
- Carrasco-Maldonado, F., et al., Oxy-Fuel Combustion Technology for Cement Production - State of the Art Research and Technology Development, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 45. (2016), Feb., pp. 189-199
- Fajardy, M., et al., The Economics of Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) Deployment in a 1.5°C or 2°C World, Global Environmental Change, 68. (2021), 102262
- Dai, G., et al., Experimental and Kinetic Study of N2O Thermal Decomposition in Pressurized Oxy-Combustion, Fuel, 346 (2023), 128323
- Hendriks, C. A., et al., Emission Reduction of Greenhouse Gases from the Cement Industry, Proceedings, 4th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, 1998, Interlaken, Switzerland, pp. 939-944
- Buhre, B. J. P., et al., Oxy-Fuel Combustion Technology for Coal-Fired Power Generation, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 31 (2005), 4, pp. 283-307
- Hills, T., et al., Carbon Capture in the Cement Industry: Technologies, Progress, and Retrofitting, Environmental Science & Technology, 50 (2016), 1, pp. 368-377
- Zeman, F., Oxygen Combustion in Cement Production, Energy Procedia, 1 (2009), 1, pp. 187-194
- Wall, T., et al., An Overview on Oxy-Fuel Coal Combustion - State of the Art Research and Technology Development, Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 87 (2009), 8, pp. 1003-1016
- Toftegaard, M. B., et al., Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Solid Fuels, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 36 (2010), 5, pp. 581-625
- Buhre, B. J., et al., Oxy-Fuel Combustion Technology for Coal-Fired Power Generation, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 31 (2005), 4, pp. 283-307
- Chen, L., et al., Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Pulverized Coal: Characterization, Fundamentals, Stabilization and CFD Modeling, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 38 (2012), 2, pp. 156-214
- Stanger, R., et al., Oxy-Fuel Combustion for CO2 Capture in Power Plants, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 40 (2015), Sept., pp. 55-125
- Gimenez, M., et al., The Oxycombustion Option, International Cement Review, 37 (2014), Jan., p. 38
- Kantee, U., et al., Cement Manufacturing Using Alternative Fuels and the Advantages of Process Modelling, Fuel Processing Technology, 85 (2004), 4, pp. 293-301
- Scheffknecht, G., et al., Oxy-Fuel Coal Combustion - A Review of the Current State-of-the-Art, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 5 (2011), Suppl., pp. S16-S35
- Garcia-Maraver, A., et al., Determination and Comparison of Combustion Kinetics Parameters of Agricultural Biomass from Olive Trees, Renewable Energy, 83 (2015), Nov., pp. 897-904
- Mladenović, M., et al., Denitrification Techniques for Biomass Combustion, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82 (2018), Part 3, pp. 3350-3364
- Proskurina, S., et al., Biomass for Industrial Applications: The Role of Torrefaction, Renewable Energy, 111 (2017), Oct., pp. 265-274
- Song, X., et al., Ultrasonic Pelleting of Torrefied Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioenergy Production, Renewable Energy, 129 (2018), Part A, pp. 56-62
- Wang, X., et al., Numerical Study of Biomass Co-Firing under Oxy-MILD Mode, Renewable Energy, 146 (2020), Feb., pp. 2566-2576
- Wang, M., et al., Numerical Simulation of Oxy-Coal Combustion in a Rotary Cement Kiln, Applied Thermal Engineering, 103 (2016), June, pp. 491-500
- Yin, C., et al., New Weighted Sum of Gray Gases Model Applicable to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling of Oxy-Fuel Combustion: Derivation, Validation, and Implementation, Energy & Fuels, 24 (2010), 12, pp. 6275-6282
- Marin, O., et al., Simulating the Impact of Oxygen Enrichment in a Cement Rotary Kiln Using Advanced Computational Methods, Combustion Science and Technology, 164 (2001), 1, pp. 193-207
- Peters, A. A. F., Weber, R., Mathematical Modeling of a 2. 25 MWt Swirling Natural Gas Flame. Part 1: Eddy Break-up Concept for Turbulent Combustion; Probability Density Function Approach for Nitric Oxide Formation, Combustion Science and Technology, 110-111 (1995), 1, pp. 67-101
- Hanson, R. K., Salimian, S., Survey of Rate Constants in the N/H/O System, in: Combustion Chemistry, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2018, Chapter 6, pp. 361-421
- De Soete, G. G., Overall Reaction Rates of NO and N2 Formation from Fuel Nitrogen, Proocedings, 15th Symposium (International) on Combustion, Tokio, Japan, pp. 1093-1102, 1975
- Jones, J., et al., Modelling NOx Formation in Coal Particle Combustion at High Temperature: an Investigation of the Devolatilisation Kinetic Factors, Fuel, 78 (1999), 10, pp. 1171-1179
- Ghani, M. U., Wendt, J. O., Early Evolution of Coal Nitrogen in Opposed Flow Combustion Configurations, Proceedings, 23rd Symposium (International) on Combustion, Orleans, France, pp. 1281-1288, 1991
- Hill, S., Smoot, L. D., Modeling of Nitrogen Oxides Formation and Destruction in Combustion Systems, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 26 (2000), 4-6, pp. 417-458
- Alvarez, L., et al., Biomass Co-Firing under Oxy-Fuel Conditions: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling Study and Experimental Validation, Fuel Processing Technology, 120 (2014), Apr., pp. 22-33
- Hein, K., Bemtgen, J., EU Clean Coal Technology - Co-Combustion of Coal and Biomass, Fuel processing technology, 54 (1998), 1-3, pp. 159-169
- Spliethoff, H., Hein, K., Effect of Co-Combustion of Biomass on Emissions in Pulverized Fuel Furnaces, Fuel Processing Technology, 54 (1998), 1-3, pp. 189-205
- Kiga, T., et al., Characteristics of Pulverized-Coal Combustion in the System of Oxygen/Recycled Flue Gas Combustion, Energy Conversion and Management, 38 (1997), Suppl., pp. S129-S134
- Molina, A., Shaddix, C. R., Ignition and Devolatilization of Pulverized Bituminous Coal Particles during Oxygen/Carbon Dioxide Coal Combustion, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 31 (2007), 2, pp. 1905-1912
- Andersson, K., et al., Radiation Intensity of Lignite-Fired Oxy-Fuel Flames, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 33 (2008), 1, pp. 67-76
