THERMAL SCIENCE
International Scientific Journal
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY THERMAL CRACKING OF NATURAL GAS - TEST FACILITY
ABSTRACT
Hydrogen is an energy carrier which makes a decisive contribution for future energy transition. Over 90% of H2 is produced currently from primary fossil fuels with high CO2 emissions. Methane cracking is intensively developing, as the storage or using of solid carbon is easier and more attractive than carbon capture and storage. The process without catalysts is simpler, but requires higher temperatures. Main objective of the test was to show the viability for industrial applications. The test facility consists of two columns (for reversible operation) filled with pebble-bed and a connecting horizontal part. The cracking process takes place at the highest temperature zone, which is the upper pebble-bed and the connecting pipe. The required reaction energy is supplied by adding oxygen to burn small amount of H2. Sensible heat of product gas is stored in the pebble-bed and cold gas goes out. The product gas is further cooled and the condensate flows in a drain vessel. The capacity of the facility was 2-4 m3STP per hour of CH4, with corresponding residence time between 0.5-2 seconds. To compare the quality of those results, the H2 yield was evaluated. The highest yields have been achieved at temperature above 1500°C, with a maximum value of 94.9%, what is considerably better than results achieved in other test facilities for cracking using catalysts (yield 78% at 1175°C). The comparison shows important advantages of high temperature processes without catalyst. The cracking process at 1500°C is a simpler and more effective way to reach industrialization of that technology.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2024-04-26
PAPER REVISED: 2024-02-19
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2024-04-15
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2024-06-22
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR
2024, VOLUME
28, ISSUE
Issue 5, PAGES [4333 - 4342]
- ***, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, climate.nasa.gov
- Stevanović, D., Method and Device for Producing Hydrogen (in German), DPMA, Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt, DE 10 2021 129 804.0, Nov. 16, 2021
- Schneider, S., et al., State of the Art of Hydrogen Production via Pyrolysis of Natural Gas (in German), Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 92 (2020), 8, pp. 1023-1032
- Geisler, T., et al., Hydrogen Production via Methane Pyrolysis in a Liquid Metal Bubble Column Reactor with a Packed Bed, Chemical Engineering Journal, 299, (2016), Sept., pp. 192-200
- Keipi, T., et al., Methane Thermal Decomposition in Regenerative Heat Exchanger Reactor: Experimental and Modeling Study, Energy, 135, (2017), June, pp. 823-832
- Stevanović, D., Fasbinder, H.-G., Regenerative Thermal Oxidizers Based on the Pebble-Heater Technology, Proceedings INFUB 2000 - 5th European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers, Vol. II, 11-14 April 2000, Espinho-Porto, Portugal
- Stevanović, D., Oehmichen, Th., Device and Method for Cracking Gas (in German), DPMA Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt, DE 10 2012 111 900, 2012
- Schimmel, J., Evaluation of the Hydrogen Yield and Potential by-Products Resulting from the Thermal Cracking of Methane (in German), B. Eng. thesis, University of Applied Sciences, Hof, Germany, 2022
- Stevanović, D., Thermal Cracking of Methane or Natural Gas (in German), DPMA Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt, DE 10 2022 118 858.2, 2022