THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Borna Doračić

,

Marino Grozdek

,

Tomislav Pukšec

,

Neven Duić

EXCESS HEAT UTILIZATION COMBINED WITH THERMAL STORAGE INTEGRATION IN DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS USING RENEWABLES

ABSTRACT
District heating systems already play an important role in increasing the sustainability of the heating sector and decreasing its environmental impact. However, a high share of these systems is old and inefficient and therefore needs to change towards the 4th generation district heating, which will incorporate various energy sources, including renewables and excess heat of different origins. Especially excess heat from industrial and service sector facilities is an interesting source since its potential has already been proven to be highly significant, with some researches showing that it could cover the heat demand of the entire residential and service sector in Europe. However, most analyses of its utilisation in district heating are not done on the hourly level, therefore not taking into account the variability of its availability. For that reason, the main goal of this work was to analyse the integration of industrial excess heat into the district heating system consisting of different configurations, including the zero fuel cost technologies like solar thermal. Furthermore, cogeneration units were a part of every simulated configuration, providing the link to the power sector. Excess heat was shown to decrease the operation of peak load boiler and cogeneration, that way decreasing the costs and environmental effect of the system. However, since its hourly availability differs from the heat demand, thermal storage needs to be implemented in order to increase the utilisation of this source. The analysis was performed on the hourly level in the energyPRO software
KEYWORDS
district heating, excess heat, hourly analysis, energyPRO, thermal storage
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2020-04-09
PAPER REVISED: 2020-07-22
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2020-07-24
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2020-09-26
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI200409286D
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2020, VOLUME 24, ISSUE Issue 6, PAGES [3673 - 3684]
REFERENCES
  1. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Commitee of the regions: An EU Strategy on Heating and Cooling, Brussels, 2016.
  2. H. Lund, B. Möller, B. V. Mathiesen, and A. Dyrelund, The role of district heating in future renewable energy systems, Energy, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 1381-1390, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2009.11.023.
  3. D. Connolly et al., Heat roadmap Europe: Combining district heating with heat savings to decarbonise the EU energy system, Energy Policy, vol. 65, pp. 475-489, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.10.035.
  4. H. Lund et al., 4th Generation District Heating (4GDH), Energy, vol. 68, pp. 1-11, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2014.02.089.
  5. M. H. Kim, D. Kim, J. Heo, and D. W. Lee, Techno-economic analysis of hybrid renewable energy system with solar district heating for net zero energy community, Energy, vol. 187, p. 115916, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.115916.
  6. J. Lizana, C. Ortiz, V. M. Soltero, and R. Chacartegui, District heating systems based on low-carbon energy technologies in Mediterranean areas, Energy, vol. 120, pp. 397-416, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.11.096.
  7. M. Rämä and M. Wahlroos, Introduction of new decentralised renewable heat supply in an existing district heating system, Energy, vol. 154, pp. 68-79, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.105.
  8. Y. Zhang et al., Characteristics of Geothermal Energy Obtained From a Deep Well in the Coldest Provincial Capital of China, Therm. Sci., vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 673-679, 2018, doi: doi.org/10.2298/TSCI170708052Z.
  9. D. Rutz et al., Transition towards a sustainable heating and cooling sector - case study of southeast European countries, Therm. Sci., vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 3293-3306, 2019, doi: doi.org/10.2298/TSCI190107269R.
  10. R. Mikulandrić, G. Krajačič, N. Duić, G. Khavin, H. Lund, and B. Vad Mathiesen, Performance Analysis of a Hybrid District Heating System: A Case Study of a Small Town in Croatia, J. Sustain. Dev. Energy, Water Environ. Syst., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 282-302, 2015.
  11. H. Ahvenniemi and K. Klobut, Future Services for District Heating Solutions in Residential Districts, J. Sustain. Dev. Energy, Water Environ. Syst., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 127-138, 2014.
  12. C. Bott, I. Dressel, and P. Bayer, State-of-technology review of water-based closed seasonal thermal energy storage systems, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 113, no. January, p. 109241, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.06.048.
  13. E. Carpaneto, P. Lazzeroni, and M. Repetto, Optimal integration of solar energy in a district heating network, Renew. Energy, vol. 75, pp. 714-721, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2014.10.055.
  14. C. Schellenberg, J. Lohan, and L. Dimache, Operational optimisation of a heat pump system with sensible thermal energy storage using genetic algorithm, Therm. Sci., vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 2189-2202, 2018, doi: 10.2298/TSCI171231272S.
  15. X. Guo, A. P. Goumba, and C. Wang, Comparison of Direct and Indirect Active Thermal Energy Storage Strategies for Large-Scale Solar Heating Systems, Energies, vol. 12, no. 10, p. 1948, 2019, doi: doi.org/10.3390/en12101948.
  16. Y. Shakir, B. Saparova, Y. Belyayev, A. Kaltayev, M. Murugesan, and J. Simon, Numerical Simulation of a Heat Pump Assisted Regenerative Solar Still with PCM Heat Storage for Cold Climates of Kazakhstan, Therm. Sci., vol. 21, pp. 411-418, 2017, doi: doi.org/10.2298/TSCI17S2411S.
  17. Y. Dou et al., Innovative planning and evaluation system for district heating using waste heat considering spatial configuration: A case in Fukushima, Japan, "Resources, Conserv. Recycl., pp. 1-11, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.03.006.
  18. H. Fang, J. Xia, K. Zhu, Y. Su, and Y. Jiang, Industrial waste heat utilization for low temperature district heating, Energy Policy, vol. 62, pp. 236-246, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.104.
  19. A. Colmenar-Santos, E. Rosales-Asensio, D. Borge-Diez, and J. J. Blanes-Peir??, District heating and cogeneration in the EU-28: Current situation, potential and proposed energy strategy for its generalisation, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 62, pp. 621-639, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2016.05.004.
  20. EnergyPRO, 2019.
  21. P. Alberg and A. N. Andersen, Booster heat pumps and central heat pumps in district heating, Appl. Energy, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.144.
  22. V. M. Kiss, Modelling the energy system of Pecs -The first step towards a sustainable city, Energy, vol. 80, pp. 373-387, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2014.11.079.
  23. D. Møller, E. Sandberg, H. Koduvere, O. Jess, and D. Blumberga, Policy incentives for flexible district heating in the Baltic countries, Util. Policy, no. January, pp. 1-12, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jup.2018.02.001.
  24. A. Malik, F. Promitzer, and H. Schrammel, Was ist ein gutes Heizwerk ? Bewertung anhand von Kennzahlen und Statistiken, 2012.
  25. Croatian Power Exchange.
  26. Eurostat, Natural gas price statistics.
  27. Technology Data for Energy Plants, 2012.
  28. Croatian Energy Transition - GIS map.
  29. B. Delpech, B. Axcell, and H. Jouhara, A review on waste heat recovery from exhaust in the ceramics industry, E3S Web Conf., vol. 22, no. November, 2017, doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/20172200034.
  30. F. Bühler, S. Petrović, F. M. Holm, and K. Karlsson, Spatiotemporal and economic analysis of industrial excess heat as a resource for district heating, Energy, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.059.
  31. B. Doračić, T. Novosel, T. Pukšec, and N. Duić, Evaluation of excess heat utilization in district heating systems by implementing levelized cost of excess heat, Energies, vol. 11, no. 3, 2018, doi: 10.3390/en11030575.
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
Excess heat utilization combined with thermal storage integration in district heating systems using renewables

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence