THERMAL SCIENCE
International Scientific Journal
CONTROLLING THE THERMAL ENVIRONMENT OF UNDERGROUND POWER CABLES ADJACENT TO HEATING PIPELINE USING THE PAVEMENT SURFACE RADIATION PROPERTIES
ABSTRACT
This paper shows how the pavement surface radiation properties can be used to control the thermal environment of 110 kV underground cables in order to increase their ampacity. It is assumed that the ampacity is additionally affected by the cable bedding size and an underground heating pipeline. Thanks to an experimental apparatus, some useful data were collected for the validation of two different FEM-based models that predict the effect of the pavement surface radiation properties on the cable ampacity. The first model corresponds to the experimental apparatus and actual indoor conditions, while the second one correspond to the theoretical case and assumed outdoor conditions (taking into account the thermal effects of solar radiation, cable bedding size and heating pipeline). This paper examines two possible cases of outdoor conditions, one corresponding to summer period (the most unfavorable ambient conditions) and another one corresponding to winter period (the most common winter conditions in Serbia). This proposed new method is based on the experimental data and generalized using the FEM in COMSOL. It is found that the ampacity of the considered 110 kV cable line can be increased up to 25.4 % for the most unfavorable ambient conditions and up to 8 % for the most common winter conditions. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. TR33046]
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2017-11-03
PAPER REVISED: 2017-12-04
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2017-12-19
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2018-01-07
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR
2018, VOLUME
22, ISSUE
Issue 6, PAGES [2625 - 2640]
- King, S. Y., Halfter, N. A., Underground Power Cables, 1st edition, Longman, London and New York, 1982
- Mohajerani, A., et al., The Urban Heat Island Effect, its Causes, and Mitigation, with Reference to the Thermal Properties of Asphalt Concrete, Journal of Environmental Management, 197 (2017), July, pp. 522-538
- ***, 'Cool Pavement' to Cut Urban Street Heat Gets First California Tryout, The Urban Climate News, the quarterly newsletter of the IAUC, 64 (2017), June, p. 8
- Klimenta, D., et al., Controlling the Thermal Environment of the Underground Power Cables by Means of Public Paved Areas, Proceedings, 13th International Scientific - Professional Symposium INFOTEH, Jahorina, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2014, Vol. 13, pp. 219-224
- Al-Saud, M. S., et al., A New Approach to Underground Cable Performance Assessment, Electric Power Systems Research, 78 (2008), 5, pp. 907-918
- Nahman, J., Tanaskovic, M., Calculation of the Ampacity of High Voltage Cables by Accounting for Radiation and Solar Heating Effects Using FEM, International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 23 (2013), 3, pp. 301-314
- Salata, F., et al., How Thermal Conductivity of Excavation Materials Affects the Behavior of Underground Power Cables, Applied Thermal Engineering, 100 (2016), pp. 528-537
- Salata, F., et al., A Model for the Evaluation of Heat Loss From Underground Cables in Non-Uniform Soil to Optimize the System Design, Thermal Science, 19 (2015), 2, pp. 461-474
- Klimenta, D., et al., Controlling the Thermal Environment in Hot Spots of Buried Power Cables, European Transactions on Electrical Power, 17 (2007), 5, pp. 427-449
- Klimenta, D., et al., A Thermal FEM-Based Procedure for the Design of Energy-Efficient Underground Cable Lines, Humanities and Science University Journal - Technics, 10 (2014), pp. 162-188
- International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC TR 62095:2003, Electric cables - Calculations for current ratings - Finite element method, 1st edition, Geneva, Switzerland, 2003
- COMSOL, Heat Transfer Module User's Guide, Version 4.3, May 2012
- International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 60287-1-1:2006+AMD1:2014 CSV, Electric Cables - Calculation of the Current Rating - Part 1-1: Current Rating Equations (100% Load Factor) and Calculation of Losses - General, 2.1 edition, Geneva, Switzerland, 2014
- Çengel, Y. A., Introduction to Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer, 2nd edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., USA, 2008
- Andersland, O. B., Ladanyi B., Frozen Ground Engineering, 2nd edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., Hoboken, N.J., USA, 2003
- Seemann, S. W., et al., Development of a Global Infrared Land Surface Emissivity Database for Application to Clear Sky Sounding Retrievals from Multispectral Satellite Radiance Measurements, Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 47 (2008), pp. 108-123
- Tan, S.-A., Fwa, T.-F., Influence of Pavement Materials on the Thermal Environment of Outdoor Spaces, Building and Environment, 27 (1992), 3, pp. 289-295
- Smith, J. O., Determination of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients from the Surfaces of Buildings within Urban Street Canyons. Ph. D. thesis, University of Bath, Bath, Somerset, UK, 2010
- Herb, W. R., et al., All-Weather Ground Surface Temperature Simulation, Project Report No. 478, St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., USA, September 2006
- Gouda, O. E., et al., Effect of the Formation of the Dry Zone around Underground Power Cables on their Ratings, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 26 (2011), 2, pp. 972-978
- Strömmer-Van Keymeulen, K. E., Cool Pavements for The City of Los Angeles - A Cost-Benefit Analysis, A Study Commissioned by Climate Resolve, Los Angeles, Cal., USA, August 2014
- Perovic, B., et al., Optimising the Thermal Environment and the Ampacity of Underground Power Cables Using the Gravitational Search Algorithm, IET Generation, Transmission & Distridution, Available online: 13 September 2017, DOI: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.0954
