THERMAL SCIENCE

International Scientific Journal

Authors of this Paper

External Links

Lakshmanan Singaram

BIODIESEL: AN ECO-FRIENDLY ALTERNATE FUEL FOR THE FUTURE: A REVIEW

ABSTRACT
In today's society, researchers around the world are searching for ways to develop alternate forms of fuel. With the ever-rising fuel costs, developing alternate energy is a top priority. Biodiesel was developed to combat the high gas and oil prices. It is especially made for use in diesel cars and trucks. Biodiesel can be made from all natural foods that can produce oil. Oils such as vegetable, canola, peanut, rapeseed, palm, and olive oil can be used as bio diesel fuel. Virtually all oils that are used in the kitchens everyday can fuel automobiles. Biodiesel fuel is better for the environment because it burns cleaner and does not pollute the atmosphere. It is non-toxic and biodegradable, making it the perfect fuel. Many car manufacturers are realizing that the bio diesel automobile is becoming more popular, and are jumping on the bandwagon, by developing their own version of a biodiesel vehicle. They realize that the need for these vehicles will increase, and predict that they will be ready for the onslaught. Diesel engines have superior fuel efficiencies, and hence they are predominantly used in commercial transportation and agricultural machinery. Due to the shortage of diesel fuel and its increasing costs, a need for an alternate source of fuel for diesel engines is imminent. This paper investigates the suitability of biodiesels as such an alternative with particular reference to automobiles. It reviews techniques used to produce biodiesel and provides a comprehensive analysis of the benefits of using biodiesel over other fuels.
KEYWORDS
biodiesel, B20, B100, transesterification, flash point, performance, cetane number, economics
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2008-07-11
PAPER REVISED: 2008-10-01
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2009-07-10
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI0903185S
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
THERMAL SCIENCE YEAR 2009, VOLUME 13, ISSUE Issue 3, PAGES [185 - 199]
REFERENCES
  1. Babu, A. K., Devaradjane, D., Vegetable Oils and Their Derivates as Fuels for CI Engines - An Overview, SAE paper 2003-01-0767, 2003
  2. Meher, L. C., et al., Optimization of Alkali Catalyzed Transesterification of Pungamia Pinnata Oil for Production of Bio Diesel, Bioresour. Technol., 97 (2006), 12, pp. 1392-1397
  3. Murugesan, A., et al., Bio-disel as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines - A Review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 33 (2009), 3, pp. 653-662
  4. ***, Frost and Sullivan, Strategic Analysis of the Asia Pacific Biodiesel Industry, 2006
  5. Bijalwan, A., Sharma, C. M., Kediyal, V. K., Bio-Diesel Revolution, Science Reporter, 43 (2006), Jan., pp. 14-17
  6. Narayan, C. M., Vegetable Oil as Engine Fuels - Prospect and Retrospect, Proceedings on Recent Trends in Automotive Fuels, Nagpur, India, 2002, pp. 22-26
  7. Nan, L., et al., UN FAO Integrated Energy Systems in China - The Cold Northeastern Region Experience, 1994, http://vegburner.co.uk/blends.htm
  8. ***, http://www.fao.org/docrep/T4470E/t4470e00.htm#Contents - vegburner.co.uk - reports, Vegburner.co.uk Reports -21.4.2004
  9. West, A., Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Biodiesel Production, Exhaust Emissions and Performance Characteristics, February 10, 2005, www.eya.ca/files/attachments/alexfeb2005-
  10. Goering, C. E., et al., http://www.ec.europa.eu/research/agriculture/pdf/biofuels_en.pdf
  11. Masjuki, H., et al., Biodiesel, an Alternate Fuel, J. Energy, Heat Mass Transfer, 16 (1994), pp. 295-304
  12. Sii, H. S., Masjuki, H., Zaki A.M., Dynamometer Evaluation and Engine Wear Characteristics of Palm Oil Diesel Emulsions, Journal of American Oil Chemists' Society, 72 (1995), 8, pp. 905-909
  13. Srinivasa Rao, P., Gopalakrishnan, K. V., Esterified Oils as Fuel in Diesel Engines, Proceedings, 11th National Conference on I. C. Engines, I. I. T. Madras, India, 1983, pp. 78-84
  14. Kumar, N., Biodiesel Production Technology and Feedstocks for India, Expert lecture at Workshop on Moving Toward Sustainable Energy Systems: Exploring Global Pathways to a Common Destination University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn., USA, 2006
  15. Vera, C. R., et al., Production of Biodisel by a Two-Step Supercritical Reaction Process with Adsorption Refining, Proceedings, 2nd Mercosur Congress on Chemical Engineering and 4th Mercosur Congress on Process Systems Engineering, 2005,
  16. http://www.enpromer2005.eq.ufrj.br/nukleo/pdfs/0818_paper_818.pdf
  17. ***, National Biodiesel Board, "Energy Content", Retrieved on 2007-11-20
  18. Agarwal, A. K., Das, L. M., Biodiesel Development and Characterization for Use as a Fuel in Compression Ignition Engines, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 123 (2001), pp. 440-447
  19. http://www.biodiesel.org/resources
  20. ***, An Over view of Biodiesel and Petroleum, Diesel-Report U. S. Department of Agriculture and U. S. Depatment of Energy, May 1988
  21. Gubler, R., et al., Biodiesel - a report, SRI Consulting, Division of Access Intelligence, Zürich, Switzerland, 2008
  22. Stalin, N., Prabhu, H. J., Performance Test of IC Engine Using Karanja Biodiesel Blending with Diesel, ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, http://www.arpnjournals.com/jeas/volume_10_2007.htm
  23. http://www.sustain.ubc.ca/seedslibrary/files/Biodiesel%20Engine%20Testing.pdf - Abstract
  24. Özkan, M., Comparative Study of the Effect of Biodiesel and Diesel Fuel on a Compression Ignition Engine's Performance, Emissions, and Its Cycle by Cycle Variations, Energy Fuels, 21 (2007), pp. 3627-3636
  25. Raheman, H., Phadatare, A. G., http://earthbioenergy.com/Pongamia%20Biodiesel%201.pdf
  26. Fraer, R., Dinh, H., Operating Experience and Teardown Analysis for Engines Operated on Biodiesel Blends (B20), Presented at the 2005 SAE Commercial Vehicle Engineering Conference, Rosemont, Ill., USA, 2005
  27. Senthilkumar, M., Remesh, A., Nagalingam, B., Complete Vegetable Oil Fueled Dual Fuel Compression Ignition Engine, SAE paper 2001-28-0067, 2001
  28. Sundarapandian, S., Devaradjane, G., Experimental Investigation of the Performance on Vegetable Oil Operated CI Engine, Proceedings, 19th National Conference on I. C. Engine and Combustion, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India, 2005, pp. 87-94
  29. Kadiyala, R., et al., Some Comparative Performance Studies on DI Diesel Engine with Pungama Methyl Ester and Diesel Oil, Proceedings, 19th National Conference on I. C. Engine and Combustion, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India, 2005, pp. 47-54
  30. Carraretto, C., et al., Bio Diesel as Alternative Fuel: Experimental Analysis and Energetic Evaluations, Energy, 29 (2004), 12-15, pp. 2195-2211
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
Biodiesel: An eco-friendly alternate fuel for the future: A review

© 2024 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence