TY - JOUR
TI - Thermodynamics of bacteria-phage interactions T4 and Lambda bacteriophages, and E. coli can coexist in natural ecosystems due to the ratio of their Gibbs energies of biosynthesis
AU - Popović Marko E
JN - Thermal Science
PY - 2023
VL - 27
IS - 1
SP - 411
EP - 431
PT - Article
AB - The model of T4 phage, Lambda phage, and E. coli is often used in research on  virus-host interactions. This paper reports for the first time the  thermodynamic driving force of biosynthesis, catabolism and metabolism for  the three organisms, on the M9 medium. Moreover, the influence of activities  of nutrients and metabolic products is analyzed. All three organisms were  found to have very similar Gibbs energies of metabolism. Moreover, since  they share the same catabolism, their Gibbs energies of catabolism are  identical. However, Gibbs energies of biosynthesis differ. The calculated  thermodynamic properties have been used to explain the coexistence of both  bacteria and phages in a dynamic equilibrium in natural ecosystems.