TY - JOUR
TI - Simplified calculation method of annual incoming solar energy on tilted and oriented surfaces for the Carpathian basin
AU - Horváth Miklós
AU - Csoknyai Tamás
JN - Thermal Science
PY - 2018
VL - 22
IS - 14
SP - 977
EP - 988
PT - Article
AB - The present paper aims at introducing a simplified method of manual calculation of annual incoming solar energy on any tilted and oriented surface using annual horizontal global radiation or sunshine duration hours as input. The proposed simplified formula is developed for the Carpathian basin and can be used in eight countries with a total geographical area of 483 495 km2. In prospect, a similar formula can be determined for other regions applying the presented methodology. In our work we used the following: the open access CarpatClim database as in-put data, and the Liu-Jordan model as detailed method that was validated with measurement data. The simplified method was developed and validated by use of various statistical approaches and methods