TY - JOUR
TI - Thermal and electrical energy yield analysis of a directly water cooled photovoltaic module
AU - Mtunzi Busiso
AU - Meyer Edson L
AU - Michael Simon
JN - Thermal Science
PY - 2016
VL - 20
IS - 1
SP - 155
EP - 163
PT - Article
AB - Electrical energy of photovoltaic (PV) modules drops by 0.5% for each degree  increase in temperature. Direct water cooling of PV modules was found to give  improved electrical and thermal yield. A prototype was put in place to  analyse the field data for a period of a year. The results showed an initial  high performance ratio and electrical power output. The monthly energy saving  efficiency of the directly water cooled module was found to be approximately  61%. The solar utilisation of the naturally cooled PV module was found to be  8.79% and for the directly water cooled module its solar utilisation was  47.93%. Implementation of such systems on households may reduce the load from  the utility company, bring about huge savings on electricity bills and help  in reducing carbon emissions.